The Origin of Paper Reading Answers

Oct 13, 2025

The Origin of Paper is an IELTS Reading Answer that contains 13 questions and needs to be completed within 20 minutes. The Origin of Paper reading answer also helps you to prepare for your IELTS exam. The Origin of Paper consists of questions like: Does the following statement agree with the passage and choose the one word only.

Participants should go through the IELTS Reading passage to recognize synonyms, identify keywords, and answer the questions. Also, The Origin of Paper Reading Answers provides essential information about the history of paper. Candidates can use IELTS reading practice questions and answers to enhance their performance in the reading section.

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Topic:

The word paper derives from the Greek term for the ancient Egyptian writing material called papyrus. In about 2400 BC, the Egyptians discovered how to make a writing surface out of papyrus, a type of reed that grows along waterways in southern Europe and North Africa.

The Egyptians cut the plant into strips which they softened in water. Papyrus was cross-woven into a mat and then pounded into a hard thin sheet. As the papyrus plant requires subtropical conditions to grow, papyrus was not much used in Europe at that time; instead, the main material used for writing was parchment. This was made from animal skin and was extremely expensive. In fact, it has been estimated that a single book written on parchment required the skins of 300 sheep. The skins had to be specifically prepared by drying them and they were then stretched on a special frame. It is not known when parchment was first introduced, but it was the main writing material in Europe for hundreds of years.

Paper, which is made from pulp, rags, and fibers of plants, seems to have been invented in China and is considered to be one of the Four Great Inventions of Ancient China. In 105 AD, under the Han Dynasty emperor Ho-Ti, a government official in China named Ts'ai Lun was the first to start a papermaking industry. Ts'ai Lun seems to have made his paper by mixing finely chopped mulberry bark and hemp rags with water, mashing the mixture flat with a stone mortar, and then pressing out the water and letting it dry in the sun.

He may have based his idea on bark cloth, which was very common in China and also made from mulberry. Previously, during the Shang (1600-1050 BC) and Zhou (1050-256 BC) dynasties of Ancient China, documents were ordinarily written on bone or bamboo (on tablets or on bamboo strips sewn and rolled together into scrolls), making them very heavy and awkward to transport. The light material of silk was sometimes used, but was normally too expensive to consider. When it was first invented, paper was used for purposes of wrapping or padding protection for delicate bronze mirrors. Although paper used for writing became popular by the 3rd century AD, it continued to be used for wrapping and other purposes.

During the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) paper was folded and sewn into square bags to preserve the flavor of tea. During the same period, according to a written account, tea was served from baskets with multi-colored paper cups and paper napkins of different sizes and shapes. During the Chinese Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD) not only did the government produce the world's first known printed paper money, or banknote, but paper money bestowed as gifts was wrapped in special paper envelopes.

Paper spread slowly outside of China; other Asian cultures, even after seeing paper, could not make it themselves. Instruction in the manufacturing process was required, and the Chinese were reluctant to share their secrets. It made its true push westward in 751 AD when the Tang Dynasty was at war with the Islamic world. During a battle on the banks of the Tarus river, a Chinese caravan was captured which happened to include several papermakers. They were taken away to Samarkand, which was a good place to make paper because it had an abundant supply of hemp and flax. Samarkanders changed the technology of manufacturing paper. They began to prepare it in stone mills and Samarkand became an important papermaking center. The rudimentary and laborious process of papermaking was refined and bulk manufacturing of paper began in Iran, where they invented a method to make a thicker sheet of paper, which helped transform papermaking from an art into an important business. Gradually papermakers made their way further west through the Arab world - to Baghdad, Damascus and Cairo. Finally, when the Moors from North Africa invaded Spain and Portugal they brought the technology with them and so it was that papermaking entered Europe in the 12th century.

In Europe, the preferred medium for the artists and literati of the time was still the smooth and lustrous parchment. The notion of paper being used as a practical everyday item did not occur until the 15th century when Johannes Gutenberg perfected movable type printing, which included the use of metal molds and alloys, a special press, and oil-based inks, allowing the mass production of printed books.

The birth of the modern paper and printing industry is commonly marked from this date. Printing technology rapidly developed and created an ever-increasing demand for paper. The early European papers were made from recycled cotton and linen - and a huge trade quickly developed around the trading of old rags. It is said that the disease known as 'the Black Death' entered England from Europe on these old rags. Yet soon this source became insufficient and some curious attempts were made to find new materials. Experiments with fibers such as straw, cabbage, wasp nests and finally wood, resulted in inexpensive - and replaceable - materials for papermaking.

Today, the long soft fibers of softwoods such as spruce have become the most suitable source of pulp for the mass production of paper.

Questions 1 - 7

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? Write

TRUE - if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE - if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN - if there is no information on this

1. In Ancient China, writing was occasionally done on silk.

Answer: TRUE

Supporting Statement: “The light material of silk was sometimes used, but was normally too expensive to consider.”

Keywords: silk, sometimes used

Keyword Location: Paragraph 3, Line 5

Explanation: The passage confirms that silk was used occasionally for writing, though not commonly, supporting the statement as TRUE.

2. Coloured paper was invented during the Tang Dynasty.

Answer: NOT GIVEN

Explanation: Although the passage mentions colored paper items, it does not state that colored paper itself was invented in the Tang Dynasty. So, this is NOT GIVEN.

3. Papermakers from Samarkand were captured by the Chinese.

Answer: FALSE

Supporting Statement: “...a Chinese caravan was captured which happened to include several papermakers. They were taken away to Samarkand...”

Keywords: Chinese caravan, captured, Samarkand

Keyword Location: Paragraph 5, Line 3

Explanation: The Chinese papermakers were captured by the Islamic army and brought to Samarkand — not the other way around. So, this is FALSE.

4. Papermaking as a large-scale industry originated in Iran.

Answer: TRUE

Supporting Statement: “...bulk manufacturing of paper began in Iran, where they invented a method to make a thicker sheet of paper...”

Keywords: bulk manufacturing, Iran

Keyword Location: Paragraph 5, Line 6

Explanation: The statement aligns with the passage’s claim that large-scale (bulk) papermaking started in Iran. So, it’s TRUE.

5. Papermaking skills were brought to Europe via North Africa.

Answer: TRUE

Supporting Statement: “...when the Moors from North Africa invaded Spain and Portugal they brought the technology with them...”

Keywords: Moors, North Africa, brought technology

Keyword Location: Paragraph 5, Line 8

Explanation: The Moors brought papermaking to Europe through Spain and Portugal, confirming the TRUE status.

6. When Gutenberg invented movable type, paper materials were very expensive.

Answer: NOT GIVEN

Explanation: The text does not mention the cost of paper during Gutenberg’s time, only its increased usage. So, NOT GIVEN.

7. The end of the trade in rags was brought about by the difficulty of transporting them.

Answer: FALSE

Supporting Statement: “Yet soon this source became insufficient and some curious attempts were made to find new materials.”

Keywords: source insufficient, old rags

Keyword Location: Paragraph 6, Line 6

Explanation: The passage blames insufficiency, not transportation difficulty, for the decline of rag usage, so this is FALSE.

Questions 8-13

Choose ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

8. Answer: strips

Supporting Statement: “The Egyptians cut the plant into strips which they softened in water.”

Keywords: cut, strips, softened in water

Keyword Location: Paragraph 1, Line 3

Explanation: The method used by the Egyptians involved cutting the papyrus into strips before softening and weaving. Hence, the correct word is strips.

9. Answer: sheep

Supporting Statement: “...a single book written on parchment required the skins of 300 sheep.”

Keywords: parchment, skins, sheep

Keyword Location: Paragraph 2, Line 2

Explanation: The passage mentions that parchment was made from animal skins, specifically sheep, making it the correct one-word answer.

10. Answer: stretched

Supporting Statement: “The skins had to be specifically prepared by drying them and they were then stretched on a special frame.”

Keywords: skins, drying, stretched

Keyword Location: Paragraph 2, Line 4

Explanation: After drying, the skins were stretched, which was part of the preparation for turning them into parchment.

11. Answer: bark

Supporting Statement: “...mixing finely chopped mulberry bark and hemp rags with water...”

Keywords: mulberry bark, hemp rags

Keyword Location: Paragraph 3, Line 3

Explanation: The Chinese paper-making process used bark (specifically from mulberry trees), making bark the correct answer.

12. Answer: Samarkand

Supporting Statement: “They were taken away to Samarkand, which was a good place to make paper...”

Keywords: Samarkand, papermaking

Keyword Location: Paragraph 5, Line 4

Explanation: The Chinese papermakers were taken to Samarkand, where paper production began in that region. So Samarkand is the correct place name.

13. Answer: stone

Supporting Statement: “They began to prepare it in stone mills and Samarkand became an important papermaking center.”

Keywords: stone mills, papermaking

Keyword Location: Paragraph 5, Line 5

Explanation: Samarkanders improved papermaking by using stone mills. Hence, the correct one-word answer is stone.

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