Carbon Sequestration Process Reading Answers

Dec 4, 2025

Carbon Sequestration Process Reading Answers is an academic reading answers topic. Carbon Sequestration Process Reading Answers has a total of 7 IELTS questions in total. Choose the Correct letters A-D, And Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text above? Write yes, no, and not given.

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Topic:

CARBON SEQUESTRATION PROCESS

Carbon sequestration is the process involved in carbon capture and the long-term storage of

atmospheric carbon dioxide or other forms of carbon to mitigate or defer global warming. Carbon dioxide (C02) is naturally captured from the atmosphere through biological, chemical, and physical processes. Artificial processes have been devised to produce similar effects, including large-scale artificial capture and sequestration of industrially produced CO2 using subsurface saline aquifers, reservoirs, ocean water, aging oil fields, or other carbon sinks.

Carbon sequestration may refer specifically to:

- The process of removing carbon from the atmosphere and depositing it in a reservoir. When carried out deliberately, this may also be referred to as carbon dioxide removal, which is a form of geoengineering.

- Carbon capture and storage, where carbon dioxide is removed from flue gases (e.g., at power stations) before being stored in underground reservoirs.

- Natural biogeochemical cycling of carbon between the atmosphere and reservoirs, such as by chemical weathering of rocks.

There are three ways that this sequestration can be carried out: post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture, and OXY-combustion. A wide variety of separation techniques are being pursued, including gas phase separation, absorption into a liquid, and adsorption on a solid, as well as hybrid processes, such as adsorption/membrane systems. The above processes basically will capture carbon emitted from power plants, factories, fuel-burning industries, and so on.

Biological Sequestration is typically accomplished through conservation practices that enhance the storage of carbon (such as restoring forests, wetlands, and grasslands) or reduce CO2

emissions (such as reducing agricultural tillage and suppressing wildfires). Soil carbon sequestration is the process of removing CO2 from the atmosphere by plants accumulating organic matter in soil. For example, when plant materials and roots are decomposed by microbial action (microbes and macro fauna, such as worms), stable forms of carbon in soil are created. In agriculture, soil carbon sequestration can be achieved by land management practices, such as planting cover crops and incorporating crop residues into the soil. However, the amount of carbon sequestered at a site depends on a balance between incorporation and release mechanisms. Land use, disease, tillage, erosion, and disturbances magnified by climate pressures such as wildfires and droughts can release biologically sequestered CO2 back into the atmosphere. Therefore, efforts to increase biological sequestration are focused on increasing carbon storage while simultaneously avoiding disturbances that cause C02 emissions.

Questions 15-17

Choose the Correct letters A-D

15. Which of the following options is not a method used for carbon sequestration?

A. air-combustion

B. post-combustion capture

C. OXY-combustion

D. pre-combustion capture

Answer: A

Supporting statement: There are three ways that this sequestration can be carried out: post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture, and OXY-combustion.

Keywords: post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture, OXY-combustion

Keyword Location: Para 3, Lines 1-2

Explanation: The text lists three specific capture methods: post-combustion, pre-combustion, and OXY-combustion. "Air-combustion" is not listed as one of these methods.

16. Which of the following practices helps accomplish biological sequestration?

A. reducing agricultural tillage

B. suppressing wildfires

C. restoring forests, wetlands and grasslands

D. all of the above

Answer: D

Supporting statement: Biological Sequestration is typically accomplished through conservation practices that enhance the storage of carbon (such as restoring forests, wetlands, and grasslands) or reduce CO2 emissions (such as reducing agricultural tillage and suppressing wildfires).

Keywords: restoring forests, wetlands, and grasslands

Keyword Location: Para 4, Lines 2-3

Explanation: The paragraph lists restoring forests, reducing agricultural tillage, and suppressing wildfires as practices that enhance or accomplish biological sequestration, meaning all three options are correct.

17. Which carbon sink is not used to sequester industrially produced CO2?

A. subsurface saline aquifers

B. plants and soil.

C. reservoirs and ocean water

D. aging oil fields

Answer: B

Supporting statement: Artificial processes have been devised to produce similar effects, including large-scale artificial capture and sequestration of industrially produced CO2 using subsurface saline aquifers, reservoirs, ocean water, aging oil fields, or other carbon sinks.

Keywords: subsurface saline aquifers, reservoirs, ocean water, aging oil fields

Keyword Location: Para 1, Line 6

Explanation: The text lists saline aquifers, reservoirs/ocean water, and aging oil fields as artificial or subsurface sinks for industrially produced CO2. Plants and soil are primarily associated with the natural or biological sequestration process described later in the passage.

Questions18-21

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text above?

YES - if the statement agrees with the information

NO - if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN - if there is no information on this

18. Carbon sequestration slows the atmospheric and marine accumulation of greenhouse gases, which are released by burning fossil fuels.

Answer: NOT GIVEN

Explanation: While the text confirms sequestration mitigates global warming and targets CO2 from fuel-burning industries, it never mentions the effect on the marine accumulation of greenhouse gases. Therefore, this statement cannot be confirmed.

19. Natural biogeochemical cycling of carbon occurs between the atmosphere and reservoirs, such as by chemical weathering of rocks.

Answer: YES

Supporting statement: Natural biogeochemical cycling of carbon between the atmosphere and reservoirs, such as by chemical weathering of rocks.

Keywords: Natural biogeochemical cycling of carbon, atmosphere and reservoirs

Keyword Location: Para 2, Lines 7-8

Explanation: The text lists this exact description as one of the things "carbon sequestration may refer specifically to," confirming the statement.

20. Carbon sequestration leads to long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide or other forms of carbon.

Answer: YES

Supporting statement: Carbon sequestration is the process involved in carbon capture and the long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide or other forms of carbon to mitigate or defer global warming.

Keywords: Carbon sequestration, carbon dioxide

Keyword Location: Para 1, Lines 1-2

Explanation: The definition of carbon sequestration provided at the beginning of the text explicitly includes the long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide or other forms of carbon.

21. The amount of carbon sequestered at a site does not depend on a balance between incorporation and release mechanisms.

Answer: NO

Supporting statement: However, the amount of carbon sequestered at a site depends on a balance between incorporation and release mechanisms.

Keywords: incorporation and release mechanisms

Keyword Location: Para 4, Line 9

Explanation: The text directly states that the amount of sequestered carbon depends on a balance between incorporation and release mechanisms. This contradicts the statement that it does not depend on this balance.

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