Tuning up Your Leadership Skills Reading Answers

Tuning up Your Leadership Skills Reading Answers is an academic reading answers topic. Tuning up Your Leadership Skills Reading Answers has a total of 13 IELTS questions in total.

In the first question set, you have to choose which paragraph contains the given statement. In the question set given, you have to state whether the statement is true, false, or not given with the information given in the text. In the last question set, you have to choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.

The IELTS Reading section is an essential part of the test that evaluates a candidate's comprehension and analysis of various passage types. You will work through a number of IELTS reading practice problems in this section that resemble actual test situations. These questions are designed to help you improve your ability to recognise essential concepts, extract particular facts, and make inferences. Practising these IELTS reading problems can help you get comfortable with the structure and increase your confidence for the exam, regardless of whether you are studying for the Academic or General Training module.

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Section 1

TUNING UP YOUR LEADERSHIP SKILLS

A.Ever since management expert Peter Drucker compared the job of Chief Executive Officer to that of an orchestra conductor, the business world has been exploring comparisons and inspirations from the world of music. Now Warwick Business School Professors Deniz Ucbasaran and Andy Lockett are hitting all the right notes with their study of famous jazz musicians, Leading Entrepreneurial Teams: Insights From Jazz, providing some essential insights for entrepreneurial team leaders. Ucbasaran and Lockett (together with Durham Business School Professor Michael Humphries) chose jazz for a number of reasons. For a start, jazz bands are synonymous with creativity, improvisation, and innovation, all essential ingredients for entrepreneurship. Jazz groups and their members often operate in uncertain and dynamic environments, characterised by rapid change. Yet through collective endeavour, many jazz bands find their own structure and harmony and become profitable enterprises – both creatively and commercially.

B.The authors decided to focus on three of the best-known names in jazz – Duke Ellington, Miles Davis, and Art Blakey. American composer Duke Ellington was a pioneering jazz orchestra leader from the 1920s through to the 1970s. Trumpet player Miles Davis was instrumental in the development of a number of new jazz styles, including bebop and jazz fusion. Jazz drummer Arthur ‘Art’ Blakey became famous as the leader of his band, the Jazz Messengers. The research focused on the way that these jazz greats created and ran their musical enterprises. In particular, Ucbasaran and Lockett focused on three specific areas of leadership activity: team formation, team coordination, and team turnover. There were strong similarities in the processes the band leaders used to assemble their diverse teams of talent. In particular, they looked for musicians with a different sound or way of playing, one that was unique to that band member and would improve the overall sound of the band. That feature was as much bound up with the personality of the individual musician as it was to do with their technical proficiency.

C.But disparate teams, many different personalities, and high levels of creativity are a recipe for group conflict. And, sure enough, there was plenty of dysfunctional conflict and disruptive clashes of egos and personalities evident in the jazz ensembles. Traditional team leadership theory suggests that to get the best team performance, the leader should foster conflict that is productive in its effects, while minimising destructive conflict. But this is difficult when the sources of productive and destructive conflict are the same; that is, differences in personality and thinking. So how do leaders deal with destructive conflict? It didn’t seem to bother the likes of Ellington, Davis and Blakey. Their attitude was ‘the music comes first’. The moments of musical genius when everything came together excused minor problems, such as if individuals occasionally turned up late for practice, or stepped out of a performance for a quick snack.

D.Teams must coordinate their behaviour and action to achieve an outcome. The team leader can assume a number of different roles when helping the team achieve its objectives. Some leaders are very directive, detailing what tasks they want team members to perform, and how they want them to go about those tasks. But that was not the approach Ellington, Davis and Blakey adopted. Instead, these leaders acted more as facilitators, empowering the musicians to collectively coordinate their behaviour and action to produce the desired outcome. As Ucbasaran and Lockett note, Miles Davis discouraged band members from rehearsing in case it led to musical clichés from over-practice. Similarly, he often asked his musicians to play a piece in an unusual key, so they did not rely on learned fingering patterns. The performers were not left entirely to their own devices, though. All three leaders created a general framework within which team members could work, providing guidance but also the freedom to explore, express and make mistakes.

E.The third aspect of leadership behaviour that Ucbasaran and her colleagues looked at was managing team turnover – people joining and leaving the team. In the jazz ensembles studied, musicians joined and left on a regular basis. Yet the high turnover of team members, despite the resulting loss of knowledge and skills, was seen in a positive light. That was partly because of the advantages of getting a fresh shot of knowledge, ideas and creativity when new members joined. A common reason for the jazz musicians leaving was that they felt sufficiently qualified to go and run another band. The three band leaders were understanding about this, particularly as it was a process they had also been through. In some cases, in particular with Art Blakey, they actively encouraged and coached team members to become leaders. As the jazz icons Ellington, Davis, and Blakey would no doubt agree, there is no magic score that, if followed note by note, will make you a great leader of creative talent. However, take an entrepreneur, a few cues from the aforementioned jazz trio, mix in a little improvisation, and you are more likely to hear the sweet sound of success. As Louis Armstrong once sang: ‘Now that’s jazz ‘.

Questions 28-33

The text has five sections, A- E. Which section contains the following? Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes 28-33 on your answer sheet. NB You may choose any letter more than once.

28. a summary of the different aspects of leadership that are covered in the study

Answer: B

Supporting statement: In particular, Ucbasaran and Lockett focused on three specific areas of leadership activity: team formation, team coordination, and team turnover.

Keywords: three specific areas, leadership activity

Keyword Location: Para B, Line

Explanation: This section explicitly lists the three main areas (aspects) of leadership studied by the authors.

29. a description of how band leaders sometimes passed on their leadership skills to others

Answer: E

Supporting statement: In some cases, in particular with Art Blakey, they actively encouraged and coached team members to become leaders.

Keywords: encouraged and coached team members

Keyword Location: Para E, Line

Explanation: This paragraph describes how the high turnover was managed, including actively helping musicians leave to start their own bands, effectively passing on leadership skills.

30. a summary of the backgrounds of the band leaders chosen for the study

Answer: B

Supporting statement: The authors decided to focus on three of the best-known names in jazz – Duke Ellington, Miles Davis, and Art Blakey... American composer Duke Ellington was a pioneering jazz orchestra leader... Trumpet player Miles Davis was instrumental in the development of a number of new jazz styles... Jazz drummer Arthur ‘Art’ Blakey became famous as the leader of his band...

Keywords: Duke Ellington, Miles Davis, Art Blakey, pioneering jazz orchestra leader, Trumpet player, Jazz drummer

Keyword Location: Para B, Line

Explanation: The opening of Paragraph B provides a summary of who the three leaders were and what they were known for.

31. examples of ways in which one band leader encouraged his musicians to be more creative

Answer: D

Supporting statement: As Ucbasaran and Lockett note, Miles Davis discouraged band members from rehearsing in case it led to musical clichés... Similarly, he often asked his musicians to play a piece in an unusual key, so they did not rely on learned fingering patterns

Keywords: Miles Davis, discouraged... rehearsing, unusual key

Keyword Location: Para D, Line

Explanation: This section provides specific actions taken by Miles Davis to force his musicians out of learned habits and encourage fresh creativity.

32. an overview of the main similarities between the work of business people and jazz musicians

Answer: A

Supporting statement: For a start, jazz bands are synonymous with creativity, improvisation, and innovation, all essential ingredients for entrepreneurship. Jazz groups and their members often operate in uncertain and dynamic environments... yet... many jazz bands... become profitable enterprises...

Keywords: improvisation, innovation, essential ingredients for entrepreneurship

Keyword Location: Para A, Line

Explanation: Paragraph A draws the comparison between the skills needed in jazz (creativity, innovation) and the skills needed for entrepreneurial success.

33. a description of two contrasting ways of leading a team

Answer: D

Supporting statement: Some leaders are very directive, detailing what tasks they want team members to perform... But that was not the approach Ellington, Davis and Blakey adopted. Instead, these leaders acted more as facilitators...

Keywords: directive, detailing what tasks, not the approach, facilitators

Keyword Location: Para D, Line

Explanation: The section contrasts the directive approach (telling members what and how to do tasks) with the facilitator approach (empowering musicians to collectively coordinate).

Questions 34-36

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text?

In boxes 34-36 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

34. The study by Ucbasaran and Lockett was the first to compare the worlds of music and business.

Answer: FALSE

Supporting statement: Ever since management expert Peter Drucker compared the job of Chief Executive Officer to that of an orchestra conductor, the business world has been exploring comparisons and inspirations from the world of music.

Keywords: business world, exploring comparisons

Keyword Location: Para A, Line

Explanation: The text indicates that comparisons between music and business have been ongoing "Ever since" Peter Drucker made a famous comparison, meaning the study by Ucbasaran and Lockett was not the first.

35. One reason why jazz musicians were chosen for the research is because the setting in which they work is unpredictable.

Answer: TRUE

Supporting statement: Jazz groups and their members often operate in uncertain and dynamic environments, characterised by rapid change.

Keywords: uncertain and dynamic environments, rapid change

Keyword Location: Para A, Line

Explanation: An "uncertain and dynamic environment" characterized by "rapid change" is synonymous with an unpredictable setting, which is given as a reason for choosing jazz.

36. The researchers decided to cover only certain aspects of leadership.

Answer: TRUE

Supporting statement: In particular, Ucbasaran and Lockett focused on three specific areas of leadership activity: team formation, team coordination, and team turnover.

Keywords: three specific areas of leadership activity

Keyword Location: Para B, Line

Explanation: The statement is supported by the text, which specifies that the researchers focused on only "three specific areas" of leadership, implying they did not cover all aspects.

Questions 37-40

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.

Write the correct letter in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.

37. When assembling their teams, the band leaders all prioritised players

A. who had special technical skill.

B. who were used to working independently.

C. who had an individual style of their own.

D. who would get on well with other band members.

Answer: C

Supporting statement: In particular, they looked for musicians with a different sound or way of playing, one that was unique to that band member and would improve the overall sound of the band.

Keywords: sound or way of playing, unique

Keyword Location: Para B, Line

Explanation: The text states that the leaders looked for musicians with a "unique" sound or way of playing, which means an individual style of their own.

38. What obstacle might jazz leaders face in reducing destructive conflict among team members?

A. They may also reduce productive conflict in the process.

B. Their team members tend to have especially strong personalities.

C. They are unaware of the theory concerning different types of conflict.

D. Their team members may be unwilling to cooperate in reducing this.

Answer: A

Supporting statement: But this is difficult when the sources of productive and destructive conflict are the same; that is, differences in personality and thinking.

Keywords: productive and destructive, conflict

Keyword Location: Para C, Line

Explanation: The text explains that the difficulty lies in the fact that the things that cause productive conflict (differences in thinking) also cause destructive conflict. If they reduce one source, they may also reduce productive conflict in the process.

39. What approach to group coordination was shared by Ellington, Davis and Blakey?

A. They allowed musicians to be creative within certain agreed limits.

B. They increased opportunities for success and reduced chances of failure.

C. They provided a structure within which musicians could express themselves.

D. They coordinated the work of their teams, so each member contributed equally.

Answer: C

Supporting statement: All three leaders created a general framework within which team members could work, providing guidance but also the freedom to explore, express and make mistakes.

Keywords: framework, providing guidance

Keyword Location: Para D, Line

Explanation: The statement summarises their shared approach: they created a general framework (structure) but gave freedom to explore and express.

40. Ucbasaran and her colleagues found that the high turnover of members in jazz bands

A. was eventually reduced by the policies of the band leaders.

B. was welcomed by band leaders for the benefits it brought.

C. was due to a shortage of effective band leaders.

D. was a feature of the growing popularity of jazz.

Answer: B

Supporting statement: Yet the high turnover of team members... was seen in a positive light. That was partly because of the advantages of getting a fresh shot of knowledge, ideas and creativity when new members joined.

Keywords: high turnover, knowledge, creativity

Keyword Location: Para E, Line

Explanation: The passage explicitly states that the high turnover was viewed in a positive light because it brought new knowledge, ideas, and creativity, meaning it was welcomed for the benefits it brought.