Big Bang Theory Reading Answers

Sep 30, 2025

Big Bang Theory Reading Answers is an academic reading answers topic. Big Bang Theory Reading Answers has a total of 13 IELTS questions in total. In the question set, you have to choose which paragraph contains the given statement. In the next question set, you have to state whether the statement is yes, no or not given according to the passage

The IELTS Reading section is an essential part of the test that evaluates a candidate's comprehension and analysis of various passage types. You will work through a number of IELTS reading practice problems in this section that resemble actual test situations. These questions are designed to help you improve your ability to recognise essential concepts, extract particular facts, and make inferences. Practising these IELTS reading problems can help you get comfortable with the structure and increase your confidence for the exam, regardless of whether you are studying for the Academic or General Training module.

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Section 1

Big Bang Theory

A.The Big Bang theory is an astrophysical model for the visible universe from the earliest known stages through its successive large-scale development. The model labels how the universe extended from a very high-density and high-temperature state, and bids a comprehensive clarification for a wide range of phenomena, including the plenty of light elements, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, large-scale structure and Hubble's law (the farther away galaxies are, the faster they are moving away from Earth). If the pragmatic conditions are induced back in time using the identified laws of physics, the forecast is that Just before a period of very high density there was a distinctiveness which is characteristically related with the Big Bang. Current knowledge is deficient to regulate if the distinctiveness was primeval.

B.Georges Lemaitre first noted in 1927 that a growing universe could be outlined back in time to an initiating single point, calling his theory that of the "primeval atom". For much of the rest of the 20th century scientific community was alienated amid supporters of the Big Bang and the rival stable state model, but a wide range of empirical evidence has sturdily favoured the Big Bang which is now universally acknowledged. Edwin Hubble discovered that galaxies are wandering apart in 1929 from analysis of galactic redshifts; this is Vital observational evidence for an expanding universe. In 1964, the CMB was exposed, which was vital evidence in favour of the hot Big Bang model, since that theory forecast the presence of background radiation throughout the universe. The known laws of physics can be used to compute the features of the universe in detail back in time to an early state of extreme density and temperature.

C.Thorough measurements of the expansion rate of the universe place the Big Bang at around 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus measured the age of the universe. After its initial expansion, the universe cooled adequately to let the creation of subatomic particles, and later atoms.

Massive clouds of these primordial elements (mostly hydrogen, with some helium and lithium) later merged through gravity, finally founding early stars and galaxies, the descendants of which are noticeable today. Astronomers also detect the gravitational effects of dark matter surrounding galaxies. Most of the matter in the universe appears to be in the form of dark matter, and the Big Bang theory and various observations specify that it is not conventional baryonic matter (atoms). It is still not known precisely what dark matter is. More lately, measurements of the redshifts of supernovae specify that the expansion of the universe is hastening, an observation credited to dark energy's presence.

D.The Big Bang theory proposals an inclusive clarification for a wide range of observed phenomena, including the profusion of light elements, the CMB, large-scale structure, and Hubble's law. The theory hinge on two main conventions: the universality of physical laws and the cosmological principle. The universality of physical laws is the fundamental principle of the theory of relativity. The cosmological principle statuses that on large scales the universe is consistent and isotropic. The cosmological principle statuses that on large scales the universe is consistent and isotropic.

E.These ideas were initially taken as hypothesizes, but later efforts were made to test each of them. For example, the first supposition has been tested by observations viewing that main possible deviation of the fine-structure constant over much of the age of the universe is of order 10-5. Also, general relativity has approved severe tests on the scale of the Solar System and binary stars.

F.The large-scale universe appears isotropic as observed from Earth. If it is certainly isotropic, the cosmological principle can be derivative from the simpler Copernican principle, which positions that there is no favoured (or special) observer or vantage point. To this end, the cosmological principle has been confirmed to a level of 10-5 via observations of the temperature of the CMB. The universe has been measured to be consistent on the largest scales at the 10% level.

G.The extension of the Universe was reliant from the early astronomical observations and is an essential element of the Big Bang theory. Mathematically, general relativity tags spacetime by a metric, Which controls the distances that separate nearby points. The points, which can be galaxies, stars, or other objects, are themselves specified using a coordinate chart or "grid" that is laid down over all spacetime. The cosmological principle proposes that the metric should be consistent and isotropic on large scales, which distinctively singes out the Friedmann -Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker metric (FLRW). This metric comprises a scale factor, which defines how the size of the universe changes with time. This allows a convenient choice of a coordinate system to be made, called comoving coordinates. In this coordinate system, the grid enlarges along with the universe, and objects that are moving only because of the expansion of the universe, endure at fixed points on the grid. While their coordinate distance (co-moving distance) remains persistent, the physical distance between two such co-moving points swells

proportionally with the scale factor of the universe.

H.The Big Bang is not an explosion of matter moving outward to fill an empty universe. Instead, space itself enlarges with time everywhere and upsurges the physical distances amid comoving points. In other words, the Big Bang is not an explosion in space, but by somewhat an increase in space. Because the FLRW metric assumes an even dispersal of mass and energy, it smears to our universe only on large scales -local concentrations of matter such as our galaxy are gravitationally bound and, as such, do not experience the large-scale expansion of space.

Questions 15-22

Which paragraph contains the following information? Write the correct letter A-H.

15. How large-scale universe looks from earth.

Answer: F

Supporting statement: The large-scale universe appears isotropic as observed from Earth.

Keywords: large-scale universe, isotropic, observed from Earth

Keyword Location: Para F, Line 1

Explanation: The paragraph begins by describing how the universe appears when viewed from Earth, stating that it looks isotropic.

16. Testing the ideas of the solar system and binary stars using general relativity.

Answer: E

Supporting statement: Also, general relativity has approved severe tests on the scale of the Solar System and binary stars.

Keywords: general relativity, tests, Solar System, binary stars

Keyword Location: Para E, Lines 4-5

Explanation: This paragraph discusses how the initial hypotheses of the Big Bang Theory were tested, specifically mentioning that general relativity was tested on the scale of the solar system and binary stars.

17. Big bang, not an explosion, but an expansion in space.

Answer: H

Supporting statement: The Big Bang is not an explosion of matter moving outward to fill an empty universe. Instead, space itself enlarges with time everywhere... In other words, the Big Bang is not an explosion in space, but by somewhat an increase in space.

Keywords: explosion, expansion, increase in space

Keyword Location: Para H, Lines 1-3

Explanation: This paragraph directly addresses the common misconception that the Big Bang was an explosion and clarifies that it was, in fact, an expansion of space itself.

18. How old our universe is?

Answer: C

Supporting statement: Thorough measurements of the expansion rate of the universe place the Big Bang at around 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus measured the age of the universe.

Keywords: 13.8 billion years, age of the universe

Keyword Location: Para C, Lines 1-2

Explanation: This paragraph gives a specific age for the universe based on measurements of its expansion rate.

19. Law and a principle proving that universe is consistent and isotropic.

Answer: D

Supporting statement: The theory hinge on two main conventions: the universality of physical laws and the cosmological principle... The cosmological principle statuses that on large scales the universe is consistent and isotropic.

Keywords: universality of physical laws, cosmological principle, consistent, isotropic

Keyword Location: Para D, Lines 3-6

Explanation: The paragraph explains that the Big Bang theory relies on the universality of physical laws and the cosmological principle, and then defines the latter as stating that the universe is consistent and isotropic on large scales.

20. Despite previous denials, Big band theory is now widely acceptable.

Answer: B

Supporting statement: the scientific community was alienated amid supporters of the Big Bang and the rival stable state model, but a wide range of empirical evidence has sturdily favoured the Big Bang which is now universally acknowledged.

Keywords: alienated, rival, universally acknowledged

Keyword Location: Para B, Lines 3-5

Explanation: The paragraph describes the previous disagreement ("alienated") between supporters of the Big Bang and a rival theory, and then states that the Big Bang theory is now universally acknowledged.

21. Terms and calculations used to measure nearby stars and galaxies.

Answer: G

Supporting statement: Mathematically, general relativity tags spacetime by a metric, which controls the distances that separate nearby points. The points, which can be galaxies, stars, or other objects

Keywords: metric, distances, nearby points, galaxies, stars

Keyword Location: Para G, Lines 2-3

Explanation: This paragraph discusses the mathematical and physical concepts, like "metric" and comoving coordinates, used to measure distances between objects like galaxies and stars.

22. A theory suggesting that how our universe extended from a high-density and high-temperature state.

Answer: A

Supporting statement: The model labels how the universe extended from a very high-density and high-temperature state

Keywords: extended, high-density, high-temperature

Keyword Location: Para A, Line 3

Explanation: The first paragraph of the text introduces the Big Bang theory by describing it as a model that explains how the universe expanded from an initial state of high density and temperature.

Questions 23-27

DO the following statements agree with the information given in the Reading Passage?

YES - If the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

NO - If the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN - If it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

23. Big Bang theory has many opponents in today's era.

Answer: NO

Supporting statement: but a wide range of empirical evidence has sturdily favoured the Big Bang which is now universally acknowledged.

Keywords: universally acknowledged

Keyword Location: Para B, Line 5

Explanation: The text states that the Big Bang theory is now universally acknowledged, which contradicts the idea that it has many opponents today.

24. In 1929, Edwin Hubble observed that the galaxies are shrinking into each other.

Answer: NO

Supporting statement: Edwin Hubble discovered that galaxies are wandering apart in 1929

Keywords: Edwin Hubble, wandering apart

Keyword Location: Para B, Lines 5-6

Explanation: According to the passage, Edwin Hubble saw galaxies drift apart rather than shrinking into one another.

25. The exact time when the Big Bang happened is not known.

Answer: YES

Supporting statement: Thorough measurements of the expansion rate of the universe place the Big Bang at around 13.8 billion years ago

Keywords: around, 13.8 billion years

Keyword Location: Para C, Lines 1-2

Explanation: According to the text, the word "around" denotes an estimate rather than an exact point in time.

26. The constituents of dark matter have been proved.

Answer: NO

Supporting statement: It is still not known precisely what dark matter is

Keywords: not known, precisely

Keyword Location: Para C, Line 9

Explanation: The text explicitly states that the nature of dark matter is still not known precisely, which contradicts the idea that its constituents have been proven.

27. Big Bang is a large-scale expansion of space, not an explosion.

Answer: YES

Supporting statement: The Big Bang is not an explosion of matter moving outward... Instead, space itself enlarges with time everywhere... In other words, the Big Bang is not an explosion in space, but by somewhat an increase in space.

Keywords: not an explosion, space itself enlarges, increase in space

Keyword Location: Para H, Lines 1-4

Explanation: The passage directly refutes the idea of the Big Bang as an explosion and clarifies that it is an increase or expansion of space itself.

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