Young Children’s Sense of Identity IELTS Reading Sample with Explanation
The IELTS reading section assists candidates to develop and understand skills associated with answering questions from a given passage. The IELTS reading tests help candidates in improving their skills. These skills include reading, understanding, accessing and analyzing. This section of IELTS Reading, candidates are required to answer different sets of specific questions. Each question comes with a set of instructions related to them. The below mentioned IELTS reading piece is an inclusion of:
- Choose the appropriate letter from A – H
- Match each finding with the correct researcher.
- Choose one word from the passage.
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Section 1
Read the Passage to Answer the Following Questions
Young Children’s Sense of Identity IELTS Reading Sample
Section 2
Solution and Explanation
Questions 1-6:
Reading Passage has eight paragraphs, A-H.
Which paragraph contains the following information?
Write the correct letter, A-H, in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.
NB: You may use any letter more than once.
- —----- an account of the method used by researchers in a particular study
Answer: G
Supporting Sentence: In one experiment, Lewis and Brooks-Gunn (1979) dabbed some red powder on the noses of children who were playing in front of a mirror, and then observed how often they touched their noses.
Keywords: method, study, researcher, Lewis and Brooks-Gunn, red powder, mirrors
Keyword Location: Para G, Lines 3-6
Explanation: method is an experiment - dabbing red powder on the noses and observing how children touched noses.
Read More IELTS Reading Related Samples
- —----- the role of imitation in developing a sense of identity
Answer: C
Supporting Sentence: Another powerful source of information for infants about the effects they can have on the world around them is provided when others mimic them.
Keywords: imitation, mimic,
Keyword Location: Para C, Lines 1-2
Explanation: imitation = mimic; the influence of others on infants
- —----- the age at which children can usually identify a static image of themselves
Answer: G
Supporting Sentence: children of 15 to 18 months are generally not able to recognize themselves unless other cues such as movement are present.
Keywords: age, static image, recognise, identify
Keyword Location: Para G, Lines 8-9
Explanation: identify = recognise; age is 15-18 months
- —----- a reason for the limitations of scientific research into ‘self-as-subject’
Answer: D
Supporting Sentence: Empirical investigations of the self-as-subject in young children are, however, rather scarce because of difficulties of communication: even if young infants can reflect on their experience, they certainly cannot express this aspect of the self directly.
Keywords: limitations, scarce, empirical investigations, self-as-subject
Keyword Location: Para D, Lines 4-7
Explanation: scientific research = empirical investigations; limitations are difficulties of communication
- —------ a reference to a possible link between culture and a particular form of behaviour
Answer: H
Supporting Sentence: Although it may be less marked in other societies, the link between the sense of 'self' and of 'ownership' is a notable feature of childhood in Western societies.
Keywords: culture, behavior, Western societies, link, self. ownership, notable features,
Keyword Location: Para H, Lines 7-9
Explanation: ‘Western societies’ indicates culture; link is between a sense of ‘self’ and of ‘ownership’
- —----- examples of the wide range of features that contribute to the sense of ‘self-as-object’
Answer: E
Supporting Sentence: This has been seen by many to be the aspect of the self which is most influenced by social elements since it is made up of social roles (such as student, brother, colleague) and characteristics which derive their meaning from comparison or interaction with other people (such as trustworthiness, shyness, sporting ability).
Keywords: examples, wide range of features, self-as-subject
Keyword Location: Para E, Lines 5-9
Explanation: examples are trustworthiness, shyness, sporting ability
Questions 7-10:
Look at the following findings (Questions 7-10) and the list of researchers below.
Match each finding with the correct researcher or researchers, A-E.
Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.
| List of Researchers: A James B Cooley C Lewis and Brooks-Gunn D Mead E Bronson |
- —----- A sense of identity can never be formed without relationships with other people.
Answer: D
Supporting Sentence: Mead (1934) went even further, and saw the self and the social world as inextricably bound together: 'The self is essentially a social structure, and it arises in social experience ... it is impossible to conceive of a self arising outside of social experience.'
Keywords: a sense of identity, Mead, relationships, bound together
Keyword Location: Para F, Lines 6-9
Explanation: relationships = bound together; ‘self’ shows a sense of identity
- —----- A child’s awareness of self is related to a sense of mastery over things and people.
Answer: B
Supporting Sentence: Cooley (1902) suggested that a sense of the self-as-subject was primarily concerned with being able to exercise power.
Keywords: Cooley, self, sense of mastery
Keyword Location: Para B, Lines 6-7
Explanation: awareness of self = sense of the self-as-subject; mastery over things = to exercise power
- —----- At a certain age, children’s sense of identity leads to aggressive behavior.
Answer: E
Supporting Sentence: Bronson (1975) found that the intensity of the frustration and anger in their disagreements increased sharply between the ages of 1 and 2 years
Keywords: age, Bronson, frustration, aggressive, anger,
Keyword Location: Para H, Lines 3-5
Explanation: age is 1 -2 years; aggressive behavior is frustration and anger
- —----- Observing their own reflection contributes to children’s self-awareness.
Answer: C
Supporting Sentence: Lewis and Brooks-Gunn (1979) suggest that infants' developing understanding that the movements they see in the mirror are contingent on their own, leads to a growing awareness that they are distinct from other people.
Keywords: Lewis and Brooks-Gunn, reflection, self-awareness. movements, mirror, contingent
Keyword Location: Para C, Lines 8-10
Explanation: Observing their own reflection = movements they see in the mirror
Questions 11-13:
Complete the summary below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 11-13 on your answer sheet.
How children acquire a sense of identity
- First, children come to realize that they can have an effect on the world around them, for example by handling objects, or causing the image to move when they face a —-----
Answer: Mirror
Supporting Sentence: This is because they, and only they, can change the reflection in the mirror.
Keywords: objects, image, move, mirror
Keyword Location: Para C, Lines 9-10
Explanation: causing the image to move is possible in the mirror
- This aspect of self-awareness is difficult to research directly, because of —-----
Answer: Communication
Supporting Sentence: Empirical investigations of the self-as-subject in young children are, however, rather scarce because of difficulties of communication: even if young infants can reflect on their experience, they certainly cannot express this aspect of the self directly.
Keywords: self-awareness, research, investigations
Keyword Location: Para D, Lines 4-7
Explanation: because of difficulties of communication - directly given
- Secondly, children start to become aware of how they are viewed by others. One important stage in this process is the visual recognition of themselves which usually occurs when they reach the age of two. In Western societies at least, the development of self-awareness is often linked to a sense of —-----
Answer: Ownership
Supporting Sentence: Although it may be less marked in other societies, the link between the sense of 'self' and of 'ownership' is a notable feature of childhood in Western societies.
Keywords: link, sense, self, ownership,
Keyword Location: Para H, Lines 7-9
Explanation: link (linked to) between the sense of 'self' and of 'ownership' - directly given
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