Tap Project Reading Answers

Nov 25, 2024

Tap Project Reading Answers is an academic reading answers topic. Tap Project Reading Answers has a total of 13 IELTS questions in total. In the questions set, you have to choose the correct option from given choices. In the next section you have to tell whether the statement is true or false.

The IELTS Reading section is a crucial component of the IELTS exam, designed to assess a candidate's ability to comprehend and analyze different types of passages. In this passage, you will engage with a series of IELTS reading practice questions that simulate real test scenarios. These questions are aimed at improving your skills in identifying key ideas, extracting specific information, and making inferences. Whether you are preparing for the Academic or General Training module, practicing these IELTS reading questions will help you become familiar with the format and boost your confidence for the actual test.

Section 1

TAP PROJECT

A. "Water, water everywhere, but not a drop to drink." is the most famous line from Samuel T. Coleridge's 18th century poem, Rime of the Ancient Mariner, and these words could not be truer today. It is said that in the future, wars will not be fought over oil and gas, but water, that vital substance that makes up 70% of our bodies.

B. According to the Woodrow Wilson Center for Scholars, 97% of the world's water is saltwater or 'brackish' water. Of the 3% remaining, 99% is "in inaccessible polar ice caps, glaciers or deep aquifers", leaving only 0.03% of all the water on earth accessible and fresh. Water is such an important base for all Earth's ecosystems that when we look for life on other planets, the main indicator we look for is water. We cannot imagine a life form that exists without it, yet there are millions of people today suffering from a severe lack of fresh water.

C. Professor Rod Tennyson of the University of Toronto in Canada has a proposal that may change the fate of millions in the heart of one of the world's driest areas: the Sahel region of Africa.

D. The idea is literally a pipe dream. A dream of constructing a water pipeline called the Trans African Pipeline (TAP), which would run 8,800km (5,500 miles) across the northern part of the Sahel desert, running east to west across the entire African continent to provide water for more than 28 million people. Linking 12 countries together, there would be two large desalination stations set up on each coast, one in Djibouti and the other in Mauritania that would pump desalinated water across the dry continent. Along the way, the pipeline would serve Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Sudan, Chad, Cameroon, Nigeria, Niger, Burkina Faso and Mali.

E. Along the pipeline would run solar panels to create renewable energy and sustainable power to drive the desalination plants, pumping stations and irrigation systems. The water would be a vital source of life for the communities along the way, with more than half of the water to be used in creating local farming oases.

F. The entire project is estimated to cost US$20.1 billion, which seems like a lot until you consider how many people could be saved. how many lives could be changed and how much could grow in the future. For example, it is estimated that in the Sahel region, more than 18 million people - including 1 million children - are directly at risk for food and water shortages this year. Eight million already require emergency assistance, according to Oxfam.

G. Tennyson, along with his wife, journalist Daphne Lavers, first came up with the TAP project while watching BBC coverage of the G8 summit and the rallies and concerts that were taking place to push the leaders to fund projects in Africa. Many of these projects funded the building of wells and distribution of food packages. At the time, Tennyson was involved in developing safety monitoring technologies for large-scale pipelines. "We developed and manufactured fiber optic sensing systems, and with the accumulated knowledge I had gathered about pipelines, it occurred to us that a water pipeline across Africa could solve the water problem for good, not these band-aid solutions," Tennyson said.

H. Thus, the TAP project was born. Tennyson and his wife wrote their first feasibility study report and presented their paper at the international Water for Africa conference held in Hull, Quebec, to the large number of African attendees, many of whom were engineers and government officials. Happily, he "found that the TAP concept was very well-received. There were the standard questions about how difficult it would be to carry this off in many of the African countries, but one African member came to see me with tears in his eyes, and said this was the best idea he had heard of, and as far as he was concerned, this was the most important concept to emerge from this conference. I was hooked on making TAP a reality!"

I. The project is starting to gather a following. It has officially been incorporated as a not-for-profit in Canada and is made up of an ean or protestors of engineering and geography, lawyers, economists and agronomists from Canada, the Netherlands, the oned Kingdom and China. The project is now moving quickly with a major benefactor on board to help promote awareness of the project and to initiate a formal study. TAP is working on raising $1 million in start-up funds from a private investor and will be applying to the G8 countries to cover the costs as part of their money pledged toward aid.

Questions 27-35

Reading Passage 2 has nine paragraphs, A-I.

Label each paragraph with a title from below.

Write the correct letter, A-I.

27. Original concepts for such projects were formed.

Answer: G

Supporting statement: “......Tennyson, along with his wife, journalist Daphne Lavers, first came up with the TAP project while watching BBC coverage of the G8 summit and the rallies and concerts that were taking place to push the leaders to fund projects in Africa........”

Keywords:project, original

Keyword Location: Para G, Line 1-2.

Explanation: The passage indicates that the idea for the TAP project originated with Tennyson and his wife during the G8 summit, leading to the concept of building a water pipeline across Africa.

28. Conflicts in coming decades will be attributed to a lack of a certain valuable resource.

Answer: A

Supporting statement: “......It is said that in the future, wars will not be fought over oil and gas, but water, that vital substance that makes up 70% of our bodies........”

Keywords: resource, water

Keyword Location: Para A, Line 2-3

Explanation: This paragraph highlights the prediction that future conflicts will focus on water scarcity, not traditional resources like oil or gas. The emphasis on water as a critical resource underscores its importance and the potential for disputes due to its scarcity.

29. Altering the lives of many in the center of one of Earth's regions with the least precipitation.

Answer: C

Supporting statement: “........Professor Rod Tennyson... has a proposal that may change the fate of millions in the heart of one of the world's driest areas: the Sahel region of Africa.......”

Keywords:fate, millions

Keyword Location: Para C, Line 1-2

Explanation: The text specifies that the Sahel region, which has extremely low precipitation, could see significant change from Tennyson's proposed TAP project. The project aims to provide water to a drought-prone area, thus potentially transforming the lives of millions who currently face severe water scarcity.

30. A dozen countries will be joined from one side of the continent to the other.

Answer: D

Supporting statement: “.......The Trans African Pipeline (TAP)... would run 8,800km (5,500 miles) across the northern part of the Sahel desert... Linking 12 countries together.......”

Keywords:countries, across

Keyword Location: Para D, Line 1-3

Explanation: The passage outlines the pipeline’s path, which spans across northern Africa, connecting 12 countries from the east to the west coast. This massive infrastructure project aims to bring together a significant portion of the continent by addressing a shared water challenge.

31. Gaining a strong following of backers and the pace is picking up on the project.

Answer: I

Supporting statement: “......The project is starting to gather a following. It has officially been incorporated as a not-for-profit... now moving quickly with a major benefactor on board.......”

Keywords:following, moving

Keyword Location: Para I, Line 1-2.

Explanation: This paragraph discusses the momentum the project has gained, including official recognition as a non-profit organization and the support of major donors. This backing is crucial for accelerating the project's implementation.

32. The astronomical cost of the project can be balanced against the great benefits it may provide.

Answer: F

Supporting statement: “........The entire project is estimated to cost US$20.1 billion... how many lives could be changed and how much could grow in the future......”

Keywords:great benefits

Keyword Location: Para F, Line 1-3

Explanation: The passage acknowledges the high financial cost of the project but justifies it by highlighting the significant positive impacts on millions of people. The potential benefits include improved quality of life, better access to food, and economic opportunities.

33. Only a very tiny proportion of the water available on the planet is deemed as obtainable and clean enough to use.

Answer: B

Supporting statement: “........97% of the world's water is saltwater... leaving only 0.03% of all the water on earth accessible and fresh.......”

Keywords:proportion, accessible

Keyword Location: Para B, Line 2-3

Explanation: The text emphasizes that a minuscule portion of Earth's water—only 0.03%—is accessible and suitable for consumption. This highlights the scarcity of drinkable water and supports the need for projects like TAP that can make fresh water more available.

34. A research study was prepared to look into the possibility of going ahead with this project, and was shown to at a gathering of professionals in. Canada.

Answer: H

Supporting statement: “........Tennyson and his wife wrote their first feasibility study report and presented their paper at the international Water for Africa conference held in Hull, Quebec......”

Keywords:study, presented

Keyword Location: Para H, Line 1-2

Explanation: This section describes the initial feasibility study that Tennyson and his wife conducted to evaluate the project’s practicality. Presenting this study at an international conference provided them with feedback from experts, moving the project from concept to actionable stages.

35. Providing power to the pipeline to run the required equipment that would assist farmers.

Answer: E

Supporting statement: “......Along the pipeline would run solar panels to create renewable energy and sustainable power to drive the desalination plants, pumping stations and irrigation systems.........”

Keywords:panels, assist

Keyword Location: Para E, Line 1-2

Explanation: The pipeline will incorporate solar panels to generate renewable energy, which will power the equipment needed to support irrigation and farming. This renewable energy source is key to ensuring the project's sustainability and functionality.

Questions 36-40

Do the following statements agree with the information

given in the reading passage?

In boxes 36-40 on your answer sheet write:

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

36. Conflicts in the coming years will be fought over oil and gas.

Answer: FALSE

Supporting statement: “........It is said that in the future, wars will not be fought over oil and gas, but water......”

Keywords:gas, water

Keyword Location: Para A, Line 2

Explanation: The passage directly contradicts the statement by clarifying that future conflicts are expected to revolve around water scarcity, not oil or gas.

37. The fresh water available to us on Earth is only available in the larger lakes and rivers.

Answer: NOT GIVEN

Explanation: The text does not discuss specific sources of fresh water such as lakes and rivers.

38. The pipeline will flow in one direction only.

Answer: TRUE

Supporting statement: “.......The Trans African Pipeline (TAP), which would run... east to west across the entire African continent.......”

Keywords:direction, east

Keyword Location: Para D, Line 1-2

Explanation: The passage clearly states the direction of the pipeline—from east to west—indicating a single, consistent flow across the continent.

39. According to a leading charity, eight million children are in need of urgent aid immediately.

Answer: FALSE

Supporting statement: “.......Eight million already require emergency assistance, according to Oxfam.......”

Keywords:million, require

Keyword Location: Para F, Line 4

Explanation: The passage specifies that eight million people, not children, are in need of assistance. Therefore, the statement is incorrect.

40. The distribution of food parcels are considered to be only short terms solutions.

Answer: TRUE

Supporting statement: “......a water pipeline across Africa could solve the water problem for good, not these band-aid solutions.......”

Keywords:solutions, band

Keyword Location: Para G, Line 5

Explanation: The passage criticizes the distribution of food parcels as temporary fixes, suggesting that long-term projects like the TAP are necessary for a sustainable solution to Africa’s water problems

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