Sport Science In Australia Reading Answers

Nov 30, 2022

Sport Science In Australia Reading Answers contains 13 questions which need to be answered in 20 minutes. Sport Science In Australia Reading Answers consists of two types of questions; no more than two words, and true/false/not given. Candidates need to skim the passage for keywords, understand the concept and answer based on the given instructions. In no more than two words, candidates are required to answer based on a given cue within a word limit of two words. For true/false/not given, candidates are required to skim through the passage properly and answer the mentioned questions. Candidates must read the IELTS reading passage, identify keywords, and recognize synonyms to answer the question.

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Reading Passage Questions

The professional career paths available to graduates from courses relating to human movement and sport science are as diverse as the graduate’s imagination. However, undergraduate courses with this type of content, in Australia as well as in most other Western countries, were originally designed as preparation programmes for Physical Education (PE) teachers.

The initial programmes commenced soon after the conclusion of World War II in the mid-1940s. One of the primary motives for these initiatives was the fact that, during the war effort, so many of the men who were assessed for military duty had been declared unfit. The government saw the solution in the providing of Physical Education programmes in schools, delivered by better prepared and specifically educated PE teachers.

Later, in the 1970s and early 1980s, the surplus of Australians graduating with a PE degree obliged institutions delivering this qualification to identify new employment opportunities for their graduates, resulting in the first appearance of degrees catering for recreation professionals. In many instances, this diversity of programme delivery merely led to degrees, delivered by physical educators, as a sideline activity to the production of PE teachers.

Whilst the need to produce Physical Education teachers remains a significant social need, and most developed societies demand the availability of quality leisure programmes for their citizens, the career options of graduates within this domain are still developing. The two most evident growth domains are in the area of the professional delivery of sport, and the role of a physical lifestyle for community health.

The sports industry is developing at an unprecedented rate of growth. From a business perspective, sport is now seen as an area with the potential for high returns. It is quite significant that the businessman Rupert Murdoch broadened his business base from media to sport, having purchased an American baseball team and an Australian Rugby League competition, as well as seeking opportunities to invest in an English football club. No business person of such international stature would see fit to invest in sport unless he was satisfied that this was a sound business venture with ideal revenue-generating opportunities.

These developments have confirmed sport as a business with professional management structures, marketing processes, and development strategies in place. They have indicated new and developing career paths for graduates of human movement science, sport science, exercise science and related degrees. Graduates can now visualise career paths extending into such diverse domains as sport management, sport marketing, event and facility management, government policy development pertaining to sport, sport journalism, sport psychology, and sport or athletic coaching.

Business leaders will only continue their enthusiasm for sport if they receive returns for their money. Such returns will only be forthcoming if astute, enthusiastic and properly educated professionals are delivering the programs that earn appropriate financial returns. The successful universities of the 21st century will be those that have responded to this challenge by delivering such degrees.

A second professional growth area for this group of graduates is associated with community health. The increasing demand for government expenditure within health budgets is reaching the stage where most governments are simply unable to function in a manner that is satisfying their constituents. One of the primary reasons for this problem is the unhelpful emphasis on treatment in medical care programmes. Governments have traditionally given their senior health official the title of ‘Minister for Health’, when in fact this officer has functioned as ‘Minister for Sickness and the Construction of Hospitals’. Government focus simply has to change. If the change is not brought about for philosophical reasons, it will occur naturally, because insufficient funding will be available to address the ever-increasing costs of medical support.

Graduates of human movement, exercise science and sport science have the potential to become major players in this shift in policy focus. It is these graduates who already have the skills, knowledge and understanding to initiate community health education programmes to reduce cardio-vascular disease, to reduce medical dependency upon diabetes, to improve workplace health leading to increased productivity, to initiate and promote programmes of activity for the elderly that reduce medical dependency, and to maintain an active lifestyle for the unemployed and disadvantaged groups in society. This is the graduate that governments will be calling upon to shift the community focus from medical dependency to healthy lifestyles in the decades ahead.

The career paths of these graduates are developing at a pace that is not evident in other professions. The contribution that these graduates can make to society, and the recognition of this contribution is at an unprecedented high, and all indications are that it will continue to grow.

Solution and Explanation
Directions to attempt questions from 1 to 5 :
Candidates need to fill in the blanks to complete the flow chart. Choose the appropriate words from the reading passage to answer.
Write no more than two words as an answer for each question.

Q1. A lot of people identified as being _________

Answer: unfit
Supporting Sentence: So many of the men who were assessed for military duty had been declared unfit.
Keywords: so many, men, declared, unfit
Keyword Location: In paragraph 2, 3rd line
Explanation: It can be concluded from the above reading passage that a number of men who were assessed for military duty were addressed under the unfit category.

Q2. Introduction of PE to __________

Answer: schools
Supporting Sentence: The government saw the solution as the providing of Physical Education programmes in schools.
Keywords: PE, programmes, government, solution, in schools
Keyword Location: In paragraph 2, on the 4th line
Explanation: It is conclusive from the above passage that a brief introduction in regards with PE was given in the schools. Thus, schools is the appropriate answer for the given question.

Q3. Special training programmes for _________

Answer: PE teachers
Supporting Sentence: The government saw the solution in the providing of Physical Education programmes in schools, delivered by better prepared and specifically educated PE teachers.
Keywords: special training, in schools, by specifically educated, PE teachers
Keyword Location: In paragraph 2, the last line
Explanation: It can be concluded from the mentioned passage where it quotes, "Physical Education programmes in schools, delivered by better prepared and specifically educated PE teachers" the answer will be PE teachers.

Q4. of PE graduates ________

Answer: surplus
Supporting Sentence: Later, in the 1970s and early 1980s, the surplus of Australians graduating with a PE degree obliged institutions delivering this qualification to identify new employment opportunities for their graduates.
Keywords: PE graduates, a surplus of Australians, degree
Keyword Location: In paragraph 3, the first and second line
Explanation: The first line of the mentioned paragraph highlights, "the surplus of Australians graduating with a PE degree obliged institutions delivering this qualification to identify new employment opportunities for their graduates." Thus, it is conclusive from the above statement that there surplus amounts of PE graduates.

Q5. Identification of alternative ________

Answer: employment opportunities or careers or routes
Supporting Sentence: Surplus of Australians graduating with a PE degree obliged institutions delivering this qualification to identify new employment opportunities for their graduates, resulting in the first appearance of degrees catering to recreation professionals.
Keywords: identify, new employment opportunities, graduates
Keyword Location: In paragraph 3, 2nd line
Explanation: The writer has specifically mentioned in the reading passage the alternative identification option can be employment opportunities or careers or routes. Thus, the answer to this question will be employment opportunities or careers or routes.

Directions to attempt questions from 6 to 13:
Candidates have to answer the following questions by using the word either True or False or Not Given.

True : If the question agrees with the information given in the reading passage
False: If the question is contrary to the information given in the reading passage
Not Given: If the question does not match with the information given in the reading passage.

Q6. Sport is generally regarded as a profitable area for investment.

Answer: True
Supporting Sentence: The sports industry is developing at an unprecedented rate of growth. From a business perspective, sport is now seen as an area with the potential for high returns. Rupert Murdoch broadened his business base from media to sport, having purchased an American baseball team and an Australian Rugby League competition, as well as seeking opportunities to invest in an English football club.
Keywords: rate of growth, high returns, purchased an American baseball
Keyword Location: In paragraph 5
Explanation: in the reading passage, it can be conluded that sport, from a business perspective is seen as a potential area for exemptous returns. One of the prime examples that has been given in this reading passage is f Rupert Murdoch who expanded his business from scratch with the help of media. Thus, the answer for this statement is true.

Q7. Rupert Murdoch has a personal as well as a business interest in sport.

Answer: Not Given
Explanation : No relevant information has been provided in the reading passage associated with this.

Q8. The range of career opportunities available to sport graduates is increasing.

Answer: True
Supporting Sentence : They have indicated new and developing career paths for graduates of human movement science, sport science, exercise science, and related degrees.
Keywords: developing career paths, sport science, related degrees
Keyword Location: In paragraph 6, 2nd line
Explanation: It can be concluded from the above passage that range of career opportunities are genuinely increasing for sports graduates. Thus, the answer for the above-mentioned question is true.

Q9. The interests of business and the interests of universities are linked.

Answer: True
Supporting Sentence: Enthusiastic and properly educated professionals are delivering the programs that earn appropriate financial returns. The successful universities of the 21st century will be those that have responded to this challenge by delivering such degrees.
Keywords: financial returns, successful universities, delivering programs
Keyword Location: In paragraph 7, 2nd line
Explanation: The reading passage quotes the sentence where it highlights that individuals who have had appropriate education are responsible for delivering surplus financial returns. It shows that the statement given in the question is equal to the information given in the passage.

Q10. Governments have been focusing too much attention on preventative medicine.

Answer: False
Supporting Sentence: The increasing demand for government expenditure within health budgets is reaching the stage where most governments are simply unable to function in a manner that is satisfying their constituents.
Keywords: government expenditure, health budgets, unable to function
Keyword Location : In paragraph 8, 2nd line
Explanation : The question focuses on the aspect that the government is focusing more on preventive medicine. However, the reading passage put-forth a different set of idea whcih is cntrasting to the question. it quotes that; The increasing demand for government expenditure within health budgets is reaching the stage where most governments are simply unable to function in a manner that is satisfying their constituents." Therefore the answer is false.

Q11. It is inevitable that government priorities for health spending will change.

Answer: True
Supporting Sentence: If the change is not brought about for philosophical reasons, it will occur naturally, because insufficient funding will be available to address the ever-increasing costs of medical support.
Keywords: insufficient funding, increasing costs, medical support
Keyword Location: In a paragraph, the last line
Explanation: The above question is relevant to the statement in the reading passage that quotes change is a process that occurs naturally. Moreover, it also highlights that lack of sufficient fundings will lead to ever increasing costs with respect to the medical aspects. Thus, the answer for this question is true.

Q12. Existing degree courses are unsuitable for careers in community health.

Answer: False
Supporting Sentence: It is these graduates who already have the skills, knowledge, and understanding to initiate community health education programmes to reduce cardio-vascular disease, to reduce medical dependency upon diabetes, to improve workplace health leading to increased productivity.
Keywords: existing degree, initiate community health, education programmes
Keyword Location: In paragraph 9, 2nd line
Explanation : In the above mentioned reading passage, the writer claims that individuals possessing the skills, knowledge and appropriate understanding with respect to community health education programmes. This statement is contrary to what the question says. So, the answer would certainly be false.

Q13. Funding for sport science and related degrees has been increased considerably.

Answer: Not Given
Explanation : No relevant information has been provided in the reading passage associated with this question.

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