Shark Deterrent Wetsuit Reading Answers

Feb 16, 2023

Shark Deterrent Wetsuit Reading Answers contains a write up about shark deterrent wetsuits. Shark Deterrent Wetsuit Reading Answers contains a total of 9 paragraphs. Related to the paragraphs are 9 questions. Candidates in this IELTS Section will be shown various question types with clear instructions. The paragraphs contain information about shark deterrent wetsuits. Its inventions and trials have also been mentioned. Also, the working and its main features have been detailed.

Shark Deterrent Wetsuit Reading Answers is an IELTS Reading passage which comprises two types of question: associate statement with the statement and True/False and not given. Candidates must carefully and properly read each paragraph. It is necessary to interpret each text. In order to respond to the questions, you must identify the paragraph's main idea. It's vital to keep in mind the crucial facts. It is necessary to interpret and comprehend each text. The information which is not mentioned in the paragraphs must be answered as not given. To gain proficiency, candidates can practice from IELTS reading practice test.

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Section 1

Read the Passage to Answer the Following Questions

Shark Deterrent Wetsuit Reading Answers

A The words 'shark attack' strike fear in beachgoers surfers, swimmers, drivers and others who enjoy a dip in the ocean. After seven people died from fatal attacks off the coast of Western Austral.; (WA) between 2010 and 2013, the state government reacted by capturing and shooting large sharks (of the great white, tiger and bull varieties) near swimming beaches. This shark culling policy caused an outcry amongst environmentalists.

B The existence of the white shark is already threatened; it is at 'vulnerable' status a at high risk of becoming an endangered species. For this reason, it is fully protected in some counties, but the WA government had this species made exempt from protection in Australia, despite there being no scientific evidence to suggest an increase in white shark numbers.

C Sharks are apex predators, key to maintaining the balance of prey populations by removing sick or weak individuals and regulating the well- being of the marine ecosystem. They are very slow to reproduce and, with about 100 million sharks being killed every year as a result of fishing and hunting, the global population has been reduced by more than 70% in the last twenty years. The WA government policy of killing large sharks takes out the mature breeding stock of the species, hastening the eventual extinction.

D Protesters argue that the culling is extreme and unnecessary because the actual risk of death by shark is very slim, and the practice of tagging sharks and equipping them with transmitters is enough to alert swimmers when sharks are near. When a tagged shark comes within one kilometer of a beach it 'tweets' a message (via the Surf Lifesaving WA Twitter feed) giving its type (e.g. bull shark), location, date and tens.

E Scientists at Shark Attack Mitigation Systems (SANS), in collaboration with the Oceans Institute at the University of Western Australia, have come up with a novel and pragmatic solution to the shark problem: a shark deterrent wetsuit. The good news is that it is simple, affordable, and the technology can also be applied to surfboard breakthroughs. They came scientifically after observation of how other species protect themselves from shark attacks. In this research, particular attention was given to the pilot fish, which has a mutualistic association with sharks, swimming alongside them devoting their harmful parasites and keeping them clean. The pilot fish are relatively small (about 30-60 cm) and are easily recognised by their patterning. This consists of five to seven transverse bands of a darker color than the rest of the body, which is dark blue or blackish-silver. These bands are also seen on the poisonous banded sea snake. Folklore claims that some Pacific island tribes used to paint themselves in bands to simulate the appearance of this snake and thus to ward off the shark gods.

F It is known that sharks use a range of sensors when they prepare for attack, but apparently the sight sensor is what they use to identify their target, especially when they get close up. Experts in shark vision and shark neurology confirmed that sharks see in black and white, or greyscale. The SAMS scientists, in collaboration with others, then mapped the physical characteristics of the eyes of the three main predatory sharks, genetically and anatomically. Next, they used complex computer modeling to figure out what the shark's eye could see at different depths and distances, and in different light situations and water clarity conditions. From that, they were patterns able to identify what and shapes would essentially "hide" a potential target or at least create confusion for the shark; and what patterns and shapes might break up the profile of a person so that he was not mistaken for shark prey.

G Once the science was converted into practical wetsuit design, two ideas emerged. The first model, using the banding concept, presents a highly disruptive profile to the shark, and depicts the wearer as dangerous and unpalatable. This one is suitable for swimmers/surfers on the surface where they would otherwise provide a tempting, backlit silhouette. The second model, the cryptic wetsuit, consists of three panels on the suit, one or more matching the reflective spectra of the water and the other creating a confusing profile. This one is better suited to scuba enthusiasts, making them virtually indiscernible in the water column.

H It was very difficult to test these wetsuits because, for obvious reasons, the researchers could not use human shapes as bait. Even humanoid Therefore, they wrapped perforated drums full of bait in the newly designed neoprene skins and used underwater cameras to watch how the sharks interacted with the prototype. As a control model, they used a rig wrapped in plain black neoprene just like a normal wetsuit. They were able to record a tiger shark circling and hunting the test rig for six minutes, trying to find what it could smell and sense but not see. Then the shark gave up and ripped into the control rig as soon as it encountered it. They watched a great white shark encounter a control rig, go to the bottom, then come straight up and strike it, whereas it was more apprehensive and reluctant to go for the test rig.

I It is hoped that these shark- deterrent designs, by disrupting a shark's visual perception, will protect swimmers either by deterring attack or at least delaying it sufficiently to allow the user time to get out of the water.

Section 2

Solution with Explanation

Questions 28-36

The text has nine paragraphs, A-1. Which following paragraph contains information? Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 28-36 on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once.

an example of water sport equipment that can use the new sport wetsuit design

Answer: E
Supporting statement: Scientists at Shark Attack Mitigation Systems (SANS), in collaboration with the Oceans Institute at the University of Western Australia, have came up with a novel and pragmatic solution to the shark problem: a shark deterrent wetsuit.
Keywords: pragmatic solution, shark problem
Keyword Location: Paragraph E
Explanation: As per paragraph E it has been clearly mentioned that an innovative and workable solution to the shark issue. It has been developed by scientists at Shark Attack Mitigation Systems (SANS) in partnership with the Oceans Institute. It associated with the University of Western Australia: a shark deterrent wetsuit. The good news is that the technology can also be used on surfboards and is easy to use and reasonably priced. breakthrough After observing how other species defend themselves from shark attacks, the idea for the became scientific. So, the correct answer is E as per the explanation provided.

details of the trials carried out on the new wetsuits

Answer: H
Supporting statement: They were able to record a tiger shark circling and hunting the test rig for ……….. whereas it was more apprehensive and reluctant to go for the test rig.
Keywords: tiger charm, test rig
Keyword Location: Paragraph H
Explanation: As per paragraph H it has been clearly mentioned that a tiger shark was captured on camera circling and searching the test setup for six minutes. While looking for things it could smell as well as sense but not sight. The shark eventually gave up and swam straight into the control rig. They saw a great white shark approach a control rig, descend to the bottom, and then attack it directly, but it was more hesitant and wary of attacking the test rig. So, the correct answer is H as per the explanation provided.

findings of scientists investigating sharks' perception

Answer: F
Supporting statement: they used complex computer modeling to figure out what the shark's eye ……….might break up the profile of a person so that he was not mistaken for shark prey.
Keywords: shark's eye, different depths
Keyword Location: Paragraph F
Explanation: As per paragraph F it has been clearly mentioned that to determine what the shark's eye could perceive at various depths and distances. As well as under various lighting and water clarity conditions, scientists used sophisticated computer modeling. From there, they were able to recognise patterns that would effectively "conceal" a possible victim. Or at the very least confuse the shark, as well as patterns and forms that might distort a person's profile such that he was not identified for shark prey. So, the correct answer is F as per the explanation provided.

how beachgoers can be warned of the presence of sharks

Answer: D
Supporting statement: Protesters argue that the culling is extreme ……… when sharks are near.
Keywords: protesters, actual risk of death
Keyword Location: Paragraph D
Explanation: As per paragraph D it has been clearly mentioned that the actual chance of dying at the hands of a shark is quite low. According to protesters, and the technique of tagging sharks and fitting them with transmitters is sufficient to warn swimmers when sharks are nearby. So, the correct answer is D as per the explanation provided for the same.

the importance of sharks in keeping fish stocks healthy

Answer: C
Supporting statement: Sharks are apex predators, key to maintaining the balance of prey populations by removing sick or weak individuals and regulating the well- being of the marine ecosystem.
Keywords: ecosystem, weak individuals
Keyword Location: Paragraph C
Explanation: As per paragraph C it has been clearly mentioned that sharks are top predators. These are essential to keeping prey populations in check by eliminating sick or vulnerable individuals and managing the health of the marine ecosystem. Due to fishing and hunting, which kills over 100 million sharks annually, they reproduce very slowly. And in the past 20 years, their global population has decreased by more than 70%. So, the correct answer is C as per the explanation provided and the information given in paragraph C.

statistics that triggered a shark- killing response

Answer: A
Supporting statement :The words 'shark attack' stroke ………. near swimming beaches.
Keywords: shark attacks, stroke fear
Keyword Location: Paragraph A
Explanation: As per paragraph A, it has been clearly mentioned that the phrase "shark attack" incites terror in beachgoers. Moroever, surfers, swimmers, drysuit wearers, and other ocean enthusiasts. The state government responded by capturing and killing sizable sharks close to swimming beaches. This is after seven people died from fatal attacks off the coast of Western Australia between 2010 and 2013. So, the correct answer is A as per the explanation provided.

the relationship between sharks and a different sea species

Answer: E
Supporting statement: pilot fish, which has a mutualistic association ……… appearance of this snake and thus to ward off the shark gods.
Keywords: Pilot Fish, shark gods
Keyword Location: Paragraph E
Explanation: As per paragraph E, it has been clearly mentioned that Pilot fish swim alongside sharks in a mutualistic relationship. Thus, removing their deadly parasites as keeping them clean. The patterning on the relatively small (between 30 and 60 cm) pilot fish makes them simple to identify. The venomous banded sea snake also has these bands. According to folklore, certain Pacific island cultures once painted themselves in bands to resemble this serpent and fend off the shark gods. So, the correct answer is E as per the explanation provided.

how the new wetsuits work as shark deterrents

Answer: G
Supporting statement: Once the science was converted ……….. spectra of the water and the other creating a confusing profile.
Keywords: wetsuit design, sharks
Keyword Location: Paragraph ag
Explanation: As per paragraph G it has been clearly mentioned that two models developed after the science was applied to realistic wetsuit design. The first model, which makes use of the banding concept, gives the shark a very disruptive appearance and paints the wearer as hazardous and disagreeable. The second design, called the cryptic wetsuit, has three panels on it. Further, one or more of which match the reflecting spectrum of the water and the other of which has an unclear profile. So, the correct answer is G as per the explanation provided for the same.

an explanation of why sharks are in danger of extinction

Answer: C
Supporting statement: They are very slow to …………. out the mature breeding stock of the species, hastening the eventual extinction.
Keywords: eventual extinction
Keyword Location: Paragraph C
Explanation: As per paragraph C it has been clearly mentioned that due to fishing and hunting, which kills over 100 million sharks annually. Further, they reproduce very slowly, and in the past 20 years, their global population has decreased by more than 70%. The killing of huge sharks under WA government policy eliminates the species' mature breeding stock, hastening its eventual extinction. So, the correct answer is C as per the explanation provided for the same.

Questions 37-40

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text? In boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the Information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

A deep sea diver wearing a cryptic wetsuit is almost invisible to sharks.

Answer: True
Supporting statement :The second model, the cryptic…………. indiscernible in the water column.
Keywords: cryptic wetsuit, confusing profile
Keyword Location: Paragraph G
Explanation: As per paragraph G it has been mentioned that the second design, called the cryptic wetsuit. It has three panels on it, one or more of which match the reflecting spectrum of the water and the other of which has an unclear profile. This one is more appropriate for scuba divers because it practically makes them invisible in the water column. So, the question statement is correct to the information provided in paragraph G. Thus, the correct answer is True.

Sharks do not regard banded wetsuits as good to eat.

Answer: True
Supporting statement: These bands are also seen on the poisonous banded sea snake. Folklore claims that some Pacific island tribes used to paint themselves in bands to simulate the appearance of this snake and thus to
ward off the shark gods.
Keywords: bands, poisonous
Keyword Location: Paragraph E
Explanation: As per paragraph E, it has been clearly mentioned that the venomous banded sea snake also has these bands. According to folklore, certain Pacific island cultures once painted themselves in bands to resemble this serpent and fend off the shark gods. So, the question statement is correct to the information provided in paragraph E. Thus, the correct answer is True.

The tiger shark waited before attacking the control rig.

Answer: False
Supporting statement: Then the shark gave up and ripped ……… reluctant to go for the test rig.
Keywords: ripped, control rig
Keyword Location: Paragraph H
Explanation: As per paragraph H, it has been clearly mentioned that the shark eventually gave up and swam straight into the control rig. They saw a great white shark approach a control rig, descend to the bottom, and then attack it directly, but it was more hesitant and wary of attacking the test rig. So, the question statement is contrary to actual information mentioned in paragraph H. So, the correct answer is False as per the explanation provided.

Great white sharks have more confidence than tiger sharks.

Answer: Not Given
Explanation: There has been no relevant information provided in the paragraphs associated with the question statement. Thus, the correct answer is Not Given.

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