Our Brain Reading Answers

Feb 17, 2023

Our Brain Reading Answers is an academic reading topic discussing in detail about the research about brain of both humans and animals. The given IELTS topic has originated from the book named “E-ENG-school IELTS Reading Test With Answers Key (New Edition)”. The topic named Our Brain Reading Answers has a total of 14 wide range of questions included. The topic consists of three different types of questions, like, choose the correct parargaph, True/False/Not Given, and complete the following sentences. The candidates should thoroughly read the IELTS reading passage to recognize the synonyms and identify the keywords and answer the questions below. IELTS reading practice papers can be taken into consideration by the candidates in order to score a good score in the reading section in which similar topics like Our Brain Reading Answers has been included.

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Section 1

Read the passage to answer the following questions

Our Brain Reading Answers

The human brain is exceptional. With its unique capacity, man has not only built the pyramids and the Taj Mahal on land but has also walked on the moon. A look at the anatomical structure of this amazing organ is necessary to understand its functioning. The cerebrum is the largest part of the human brain and is divided into two parts or hemispheres. Below this is the brainstem, behind which the cerebellum is located. The cerebral cortex is the outermost layer of the cerebrum; this has four lobes. They are the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe and temporal lobe. What is considered as the seat of thought in our brain is the cerebral cortex which, in human brains, is quite enlarged. Sound and language are processed in the temporal lobe. The hippocampus and the amygdala play an active role in memory and emotion. The brain stem is connected to the spinal cord. It consists of the midbrain, the pons and the medulla oblongata. The main function of the brainstem is to relay information from the body to the brain and vice versa. It also controls breathing, functioning of the heart and consciousness.
Much information has been gathered about the brain due to advances in technology. Yet, we do not know a lot, and a huge amount of money is being put into researching its working. It is a fact that humans have the largest brain considering the ratio of its weight to body weight in comparison to the other creatures inhabiting the earth. About 2% of the human weight is the adult brain. The brain's plasticity was thought to be fixed until a decades ago. This myth was debunked by scientists when recent research proved that the brain has the capability to change vastly. About 20-30% of the total energy produced by the body is consumed by the brain.
The brain produces a lot of energy-about 30-35 watts when awake. Glucose is the main source of energy for this organ. The brain needs constant oxygen supply for consciousness. When the oxygen supply is disrupted, a person faints. After 4-6 minutes of oxygen deprivation, the cells start to die. Strong blood vessels that can bear high tension provide blood and oxygen to the brain. A network of 150,000 mile-long blood vessels exists in the brain. The brain uses yawning to cool down when it is overheated. Also, when there is insufficient oxygen supply to the brain, a yawn provides it.
At the genetic level, there are similarities between the brains of humans and some animals. Most genes in humans and these animals are identical. Our closest relatives in the animal kingdom are gorillas, bonobos and chimpanzees. More than 90% of sue th shared with these creatures It may surprise some to know that even mice share mand the same genes with us. That is why many scientists use them in studies and expert in an effort to find a cure for human diseases While there are a lot of similarities, how the segments of DNA that mark certain proteins are arranged in humans and animals
Robust data collection methods have made it possible for scientists and researchers to unravel the minute differences between human brains and the brains of other species & defining difference in our brain and that of primates is plasticity. However, to pinpoint the exact differences between humans and other mammals, more research is required. When we understand what makes us unique and where we share similarities, we will be able to recognize not only why we are the dominating species on earth, but we will also be able to understand our brains better.
In depth studies and research will help us understand the parallels between man and other mammals. Furthermore, it will help scientists conceive therapies and treatments that are more effective to battle diseases and disorders.

Section 2

Solution and Explanation

Questions 27-31

Reading Passage 3 has six paragraphs, A-F

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Question 27. an exclusive feature of the human brain leads to superior ability

Answer: E
Supporting sentence: we will be able to recognize not only why we are the dominating species on earth
Keyword : recognize, dominating, species, earth
Keyword location: paragraph E, lines 5-6
Explanation: Lines 5-6 of paragraph E implies that Robust data gathering technologies have enabled scientists and researchers to uncover the minute distinctions. The distinctions are in between human brains and the brains of other animals. The defining difference between our brain and those of monkeys is plasticity. We will be able to discern not only why we are the dominant species on the planet, but also better understand our brains.

Question 28. future benefits of research on brain

Answer: F
Supporting sentence: Furthermore, it will help scientists conceive therapies and treatments that are more effective to battle diseases and disorders
Keyword : help, scientists, effective, battle diseases
Keyword location: paragraph F, lines 2-3
Explanation: Lines 2-3 of paragraph F explains that detailed study and research will help us grasp the similarities between humans and other creatures. Also, it will aid scientists in developing more effective medications and treatments for diseases and ailments.

Question 29. reference to a long held theory on the brain's ability

Answer: B
Supporting sentence: The brain's plasticity was thought to be fixed until a decades ago.
Keyword : brain's, plasticity, fixed, a decades ago
Keyword location: paragraph B, line 5
Explanation: The fifth line of paragraph B suggests that till recently, the brain's plasticity was assumed to be fixed. Scientists refuted this notion after discovering that the brain has the power to change dramatically.

Question 30. a reason for experiments on animals.

Answer: D
Supporting sentence: Most genes in humans and these animals are identical.
Keyword : genes, humans, animals, identical
Keyword location: paragraph D, line 2
Explanation: The second line of paragraph D explains that there are some correlations between the human’s and animal’s brains in terms of genetic. There are many similar genes present in both humans and animals. So, the scientists do research them and also try to become expertise to find a remedy for curing human ailments.

Question 31. purpose of an involuntary action

Answer: C
Supporting sentence: The brain needs constant oxygen supply for consciousness.
Keyword : brain, constant, oxygen, consciousness
Keyword location: paragraph C, lines 1-2
Explanation: Lines 1-2 of paragraph C explains that while remain awake, the brain generates a lot of energy, around 30-35 watts. This organ's primary source of energy is glucose. Consciousness requires a steady supply of oxygen to the brain. A person faints when their oxygen supply is cut off.

Questions 32-35

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3 ?

Write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

Question 32. The cerebral cortex is divided into four equal parts.

Answer: NOT GIVEN
Explanation: No pertinent information has been provided in the passage order to prove the validation of the above sentence. Therefore, the said sentence can be regarded as an invalid one.

Question 33. ideas are generated in a relatively large part of the human brain.

Answer: TRUE
Supporting sentence: The cerebrum is the largest part of the human brain and is divided into two parts or hemispheres.
Keyword : cerebrum, largest, part, human brain
Keyword location: paragraph A, lines 3-4
Explanation: Lines 3-4 of parargrap A explains that understanding how this extraordinary organ works requires a look at its anatomical structure. The cerebrum is the largest component of the human brain and is divided into two halves. So, the above statement can be regarded as a correct statement.

Question 34. The area of brain research receives insufficient funding

Answer: FALSE
Supporting sentence: This myth was debunked by scientists when recent research proved that the brain has the capability to change vastly.
Keyword : myth, research, brain, change vastly
Keyword location: paragraph B, lines 5-7
Explanation: The fifth to seventh lines of paragraph B implies that prior recently, it was considered that the brain's plasticity was fixed. Scientists refuted this notion after discovering that the brain has the power to change dramatically. Thus, it is a FALSE statement.

Question 35. The energy produced by the brain is more than what it consumes.

Answer: NOT GIVEN
Explanation: There is no relevant evidence in the above passage in order to prove the said statement. So, we can clearly term this statement to be an invalid one.

Questions 36-40

Complete the sentences below.

Choose ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.

The _________ controls communication between the brain and the body.
Relative to body size, the human brain is the _________ among all living forms.
It would be impossible for brain cells to sustain beyond __________ in the absence of oxygen.
Our brain resembles that of primates to a great extent, but the way genes are ___________ makes us different.
According to research, _________ is a noticeable difference between the brain of a human and primate

Question 36:

Answer: brainstem
Supporting sentence: The main function of the brainstem is to relay information from the body to the brain and vice versa.
Keyword : brainstem, information, body to the brain, vice versa
Keyword location: paragraph A, lines 11-12
Explanation: Lines 11-12 of paragraph A explains that to transfer information from the body to brain and from brain to body is the fundamental role of the brainstem. Along with that, the brainstem also controls the other elements like heart functioning and sensibility.

Question 37:

Answer: largest
Supporting sentence: It is a fact that humans have the largest brain considering the ratio of its weight to body weight
Keyword: fact, humans, largest brain, body weight
Keyword location: paragraph B, lines 2-3
Explanation: The second to third lines of paragraph B implies that it is true that humans have the greatest brain in terms of weight to body weight. It is true fact when compared to other organisms on the planet. The adult brain accounts for about the percentage of two of human weight.

Question 38:

Answer: 6/six minutes
Supporting sentence: After 4-6 minutes of oxygen deprivation, the cells start to die.
Keyword : 4-6 minutes, oxygen, cells, di
Keyword location: paragraph C, lines 3-4
Explanation: The third to fourth lines of paragraph C explains that for consciousness, the brain requires a steady flow of oxygen. A person faints when their oxygen supply is cut off. The cells begin to die after 4-6 minutes of oxygen starvation.

Question 39:

Answer: arranged
Supporting sentence: how the of DNA that mark certain proteins are arranged in humans and animals
Keyword : segments, DNA, arranged, humans and animals
Keyword location: paragraph D, lines 6-7
Explanation: Lines 6-7 of paragraph D explains that many scientists and experts use data in their research in order to find a cure for human diseases. While there are many similarities between humans and animals in terms of how the regions of DNA that designate specific proteins are organized.

Question 40:

Answer: plasticity
Supporting sentence: differences between human brains and the brains of other species & defining difference in our brain and that of primates is plasticity.
Keyword : differences, species, primates, plasticity
Keyword location: paragraph E, lines 1-3
Explanation: Lines 1-3 of paragraph E implies that scientists and academics have been able to detect minute differences thanks to advanced data collection technology. There are differences between human brains and the brains of other species. Plasticity is the distinguishing feature between human brain and that of animals.