Making Time for Science Reading Answers

Dec 19, 2022

Making Time for Science Reading Answers contains a write up about the study of chronobiology and its impact on the life of living beings. Making Time for Science Reading Answers comprising 13 different types of questions. Candidates in this IELTS Section will be shown various question types with clear instructions. Making Time for Science Reading Answers comprises three types of questions: Matching heading, sentence completion, and Choose the correct option. For Matching heading in IELTS Reading passage, candidates need to thoroughly go through each passage. For sentence completion, candidates need to skim the passage for keywords and understand the concept. To choose the correct option, candidates must read the IELTS Reading passage and understand the statement provided. To gain proficiency, candidates can practice from IELTS reading practice test.

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Section 1

Read the Passage to Answer the Following Questions

Making Time for Science Reading Answers

Chronobiology might sound a little futuristic – like something from a science fiction novel, perhaps – but it’s actually a field of study that concerns one of the oldest processes life on this planet has ever known: short-term rhythms of time and their effect on flora and fauna.
This can take many forms. Marine life, for example, is influenced by tidal patterns. Animals tend to be active or inactive depending on the position of the sun or moon. Numerous creatures, humans included, are largely diurnal – that is, they like to come out during the hours of sunlight. Nocturnal animals, such as bats and possums, prefer to forage by night. A third group are known as crepuscular: they thrive in the low-light of dawn and dusk and remain inactive at other hours.
When it comes to humans, chronobiologists are interested in what is known as the circadian rhythm. This is the complete cycle our bodies are naturally geared to undergo within the passage of a twenty-four hour day. Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many other factors such as changes in blood pressure and body temperature. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm. ‘Night people’, for example, often describe how they find it very hard to operate during the morning, but become alert and focused by evening. This is a benign variation within circadian rhythms known as a chronotype.
Scientists have limited abilities to create durable modifications of chronobiological demands. Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we breach these natural rhythms for extended periods of time. Plants appear no more malleable in this respect; studies demonstrate that vegetables grown in season and ripened on the tree are far higher in essential nutrients than those grown in greenhouses and ripened by laser.
Knowledge of chronobiological patterns can have many pragmatic implications for our day-to-day lives. While contemporary living can sometimes appear to subjugate biology – after all, who needs circadian rhythms when we have caffeine pills, energy drinks, shift work and cities that never sleep? – keeping in sync with our body clock is important.
The average urban resident, for example, rouses at the eye-blearing time of 6.04 a.m., which researchers believe to be far too early. One study found that even rising at 7.00 a.m. has deleterious effects on health unless exercise is performed for 30 minutes afterward. The optimum moment has been whittled down to 7.22 a.m.; muscle aches, headaches and moodiness were reported to be lowest by participants in the study who awoke then.
Once you’re up and ready to go, what then? If you’re trying to shed some extra pounds, dieticians are adamant: never skip breakfast. This disorients your circadian rhythm and puts your body in starvation mode. The recommended course of action is to follow an intense workout with a carbohydrate-rich breakfast; the other way round and weight loss results are not as pronounced.
Morning is also great for breaking out the vitamins. Supplement absorption by the body is not temporal-dependent, but naturopath Pam Stone notes that the extra boost at breakfast helps us get energized for the day ahead. For improved absorption, Stone suggests pairing supplements with a food in which they are soluble and steering clear of caffeinated beverages. Finally, Stone warns to take care with storage; high potency is best for absorption, and warmth and humidity are known to deplete the potency of a supplement.
After-dinner espressos are becoming more of a tradition – we have the Italians to thank for that – but to prepare for a good night’s sleep we are better off putting the brakes on caffeine consumption as early as 3 p.m. With a seven hour half-life, a cup of coffee containing 90 mg of caffeine taken at this hour could still leave 45 mg of caffeine in your nervous system at ten o’clock that evening. It is essential that, by the time you are ready to sleep, your body is rid of all traces.
Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietician Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five carbohydrate-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. This will deprive your body of vital energy needs. Overloading your gut could lead to indigestion, though. Our digestive tracts do not shut down for the night entirely, but their work slows to a crawl as our bodies prepare for sleep. Consuming a modest snack should be entirely sufficient.

Section 2

Solution with Explanation
Questions 1–7:
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?
In boxes 1–7 on your answer sheet, write:

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1) Chronobiology is the study of how living things have evolved over time.

Answer: False
Supporting Sentence: Chronobiology is a field of study that deals with the oldest living processes of life on this planet- short term rhythms of time and their effect on flora and fauna.
Keywords: Chronobiology, oldest processes of life
Keyword Location: Paragraph A, First 3 lines
Explanation: The science of biological rhythms is known as chronobiology. It investigates how biological processes as well as internal biological clocks are affected by time.

2) The rise and fall of sea levels affect how sea creatures behave.

Answer: True
Supporting Sentence: The life of marine creatures is influenced by tidal patterns.
Keywords: Marine Life, Tidal pattern
Keyword Location: Paragraph B, First 3 lines
Explanation: Tides have an effect on marine life. According to the location of the sun and moon, animals are often either active or inert.

3) Most animals are active during the daytime.

Answer: NOT GIVEN
Explanation:No relevant information associated with the question has been given in the paragraphs.

4) Circadian rhythms identify how we do different things on different days.

Answer: False
Supporting Sentence: When it comes to humans, chronobiologists are interested in what is known as the circadian rhythm. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm.
Keywords: circadian rhythm, chronobiologist
Keyword Location: Paragraph C, First 4 lines
Explanation: The 24-hour cycle that our bodies are designed to go through in its entirety is known as the circadian rhythm. Each cycle incorporates numerous other aspects in addition to sleeping at night and getting up during the day, such as variations in blood pressure and body temperature. This is a chronotype, a benign variation in circadian rhythms.

5) A ‘night person' can still have a healthy circadian rhythm.

Answer: True
Supporting Sentence: Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm. ‘Night people’, for example, often describe how they find it very hard to operate during the morning, but become alert and focused by evening.
Keywords: Night People
Keyword Location: Paragraph C, Last 4 lines
Explanation: People have varied circadian rhythms, therefore night people have trouble working during the day since they are more attentive and active at night.

6) New therapies can permanently change circadian rhythms without causing harm.

Answer: False
Supporting Sentence: Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms where our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we breach these natural rhythms for extended periods.
Keywords: circadian rhythms, therapeutic development
Keyword Location: Paragraph D, Line 2-6
Explanation: Scientists can only make temporary adjustments to chronobiological requirements; they cannot completely reverse our circadian rhythms.

7) Naturally-produced vegetables have more nutritional value.

Answer: True
Supporting Sentence: Studies demonstrate that vegetables grown in the season with and ripened on the tree are far higher in essential nutrients than those grown in greenhouses and ripened by laser.
Keywords: vegetables, ripened, trees.
Keyword Location: Paragraph D, Last 3 lines
Explanation: According to studies, fruits and vegetables that mature naturally on the counter have a higher nutritional value than those grown in greenhouses or ripened with laser lights.

Questions 8–13:
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter in boxes 8–13 on your answer sheet.

What did researchers identify as the ideal time to wake up in the morning?

6.04
7.00
7.22
7.30

Answer: C- 7.22
Supporting Sentence: The optimum moment has been whittled down to 7.22 a.m.; muscle aches, headaches and moodiness were reported to be lowest by participants in the study who awoke then.
Keywords: optimum moment, aches, headaches and moodiness
Keyword Location: Paragraph F, Line 5-6
Explanation: The typical urban inhabitant rises at 6.04 in the morning, which some studies consider to be excessively early. If you don't exercise for 30 minutes after waking up at 7 am, it's too bad. As a result, 7.22 a.m. is regarded as the ideal time because individuals in the study who woke up at that time reported the lowest levels of moodiness, headaches, and muscle aches.

9) In order to lose weight, we should

avoid eating breakfast
eat a low carbohydrate breakfast
exercise before breakfast
exercise after breakfast

Answer: C- Exercise before breakfast
Supporting Sentence: If you’re trying to shed some extra pounds, dieticians are adamant: never skip breakfast. The recommended course of action is to follow an intense workout before breakfast.
Keywords: extra pounds, dieticians
Keyword Location: Paragraph G, Last 2 lines
Explanation: Dieticians advise against skipping breakfast in order to reduce weight because doing so sends the body into famine mode. They advise working out properly before consuming a breakfast high in carbohydrates.

10) Which is NOT mentioned as a way to improve supplement absorption?

avoiding drinks containing caffeine while taking supplements
taking supplements at breakfast
taking supplements with foods that can dissolve them
storing supplements in a cool, dry environment

Answer: B- taking supplements at breakfast.
Supporting Sentence: Supplement absorption by the body is not temporal-dependent, but naturopath Pam Stone notes that the extra boost at breakfast helps us get energized for the day ahead.
Keywords: Supplement absorption, naturopath Pam Stone
Keyword Location: Paragraph H, Line 4-end
Explanation: It is clear from the question that supplement the body's absorption of supplements is transient.

11) The best time to stop drinking coffee is

mid-afternoon
10 p.m.
only when feeling anxious
after dinner

Answer: A- mid-afternoon
Supporting Sentence: to prepare for a good night’s sleep we are better off putting the brakes on caffeine consumption as early as 3 p.m.
Keywords: good night’s sleep, caffeine consumption
Keyword Location: Paragraph I, line 3-4
Explanation: A cup of coffee with 90 mg of caffeine consumed at this time could still have 45 mg of caffeine in your nervous system at ten o'clock that night because of its seven-hour half-life.

12) In the evening, we should

stay away from carbohydrates
stop exercising
eat as much as possible
eat a light meal

Answer: D- Eat a Light Meal
Supporting Sentence: Overloading your gut could lead to indigestion, though. Our digestive tracts do not shut down for the night entirely, but their work slows to a crawl as our bodies prepare for sleep.
Keywords: Overloading, digestive tracts
Keyword Location: Paragraph J, Last line
Explanation: Eating a lot in the evening deprives your body of essential energy demands and might occasionally cause indigestion. A light supper is sufficient in the evening because our digestive system operates slowly at that time.

13) Which of the following phrases best describes the main aim of Reading Passage?

to suggest healthier ways of eating, sleeping and exercising
to describe how modern life has made chronobiology largely irrelevant
to introduce chronobiology and describe some practical applications
to plan a daily schedule that can alter our natural chronobiological rhythms

Answer: C- to introduce chronobiology and describe some practical applications
Supporting Sentence: Knowledge of chronobiological patterns can have many pragmatic implications for our day-to-day lives.
Keywords: chronobiology, pragmatic implications
Keyword Location: Paragraph E, first 2 lines
Explanation: It is clear from the paragraph that chronobiological patterns may have practical effects on daily life.

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