Lecture about Coastal Environmental Problems - IELTS Listening Sample Answer

Nov 8, 2021

IELTS Listening section comprises conversations and monologues. This topic - A lecture about coastal environmental problems is IELTS listening part four. Candidates need to answer the following IELTS Listening question types:

No more than three words

Check: Get IELTS Prep Guide

You will hear a lecture about Coastal environmental problems.
First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.

Good afternoon everyone. Today we have with us Mr. Kevin Ackroyd, a representative from the Department of environment to outline the results of last year's inquiry into environment problems along the coastline. Mr. Ackroyd, please.

Thank you. Mr. Cranston. Good afternoon. Everyone, perhaps it would be best if I first outline for you what I plan to talk about. I’ll begin with some background to the inquiry looking at the new demands we are making on our old resources so to speak and we want to give some idea of the conclusions we came to our inquiry. Okay, first the background, the inquiry was sparked off because various concerned residents in the coastal region realized that the recent population shift which really got going in the 1970s was putting extreme pressure on our Coastal environment. Over the past two decades half of the country's population growth has been in the non-metropolitan areas. Today nine out of ten people live in the coastal zone. The reasons for this shift are not yet fully understood, but there is a range of factors which probably contribute, including economic development and aging population and the growth in Industry particularly tourism and its Associated Industries. We would have to admit that government policies have also contributed to this trend. A trend which is likely to continue so that it's estimated by the Year 2005, there will be millions of additional people living in the non-metropolitan coastal zone. This population expansion puts considerable pressure on the natural resources of the zone and there are two factors likely to impose particular strains. These are firstly that those areas of greatest growth in the past are likely to continue to grow as strongly as before. In other words urban sprawl or expansion will continue for at least another decade. The second Factor contributing to the pressure is industry particularly the newer Industries like tourism. These newer Industries will compete for resources with other users such as the intensive fish and shellfish farming industry. All of this will take place in an environment that is already under severe stress and in particular the water resources will be degraded. It is the view of the inquiry that water degradation whether of seas, rivers or lakes is the greatest resource problem in the coastal zone as a whole.

The conclusion of the inquiry can be Stated quite plainly and simply. First, we must raise the profile of the coastal zone in our thinking, especially in our approach to conservation and economic development.

Second, we must exercise much greater vision. We must be prepared to think in the long term rather than the short-term and to pay attention to details so better management and better planning. And thirdly we must adopt a national approach. We can no longer afford to leave the decision making to individual departments, local government bodies or even to the central government. We are looking here at the need for coordination on a nationwide level. To achieve workable effective results involving all levels of government as well as the various non-government organizations in this country will be no easy task, but it is imperative we try.

I well I see time is running out. So perhaps if I just summarized the recommendations made by the inquiry for you, the Long View prevails over the short. Broad considerations predominant over narrow. The techniques of modern management and the tools of modern economic are brought into operation. People being affected by decisions, including indigenous people are adequately consulted before decisions are made. With that I'll stop and give you the opportunity to ask questions, but perhaps first I should tell you that the full report of the inquiry.

Section 4
Question 31-40
Complete the summary.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

COASTAL ZONE INQUIRY

Sneaker: Kevin Ackrovd from the 31___________

Answer: department of environment

Explanation: Kevin Ackroyd is the representative from the department of environment.

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Background:

Problem: The recent 32______________

Answer: population shift/urban expansion

Explanation: According to the residents of the coastal region, the main problem was with the recent shift in the population or the urban expansion.

put extreme pressure on 33_________________

Answer: coastal environment

Explanation: The increase in the population puts extreme pressure on the coastal environment.

Contributing factors:

economic development

34___________________

Answer: aging population

Explanation: One of the factors behind more people shifting to the coastal zone is the aging population.

industrial expansion

35___________________

Answer: government policies

Explanation: Apart from industrial expansion, aging population, and more, government policies is one of the reasons behind more people staying in the coastal zones.

Two particularly important factors:

36________________ is likely to continue.

Answer: urban sprawl/urban expansion

Explanation: Two particular important factors are, urban sprawl is likely to increase.

Industry, especially tourism which competes with 37________________ farming industries.

Answer: (intensive) fish and shellfish

Explanation: The newer industries will compete with intensive fish and shellfish farming industries.

Conclusions:

Need to

raise the profile of coastal zone

exercise greater vision

38____________________