Keep Taking The Tablets Reading Answers
The IELTS reading section assesses students based on their ability to read a passage and answer subsequent questions. These are the KPIs that are used to evaluate a candidate's reading abilities in IELTS examination. The details are required to be remembered in IELTS reading from the passage that is presented to them. IELTS academic reading is a crucial section and students are required to look after their preparation accordingly. A book review IELTS reading answers is a topic which can be utilized by students to prepare themselves for IELTS reading assessment. Candidates face similar topics in IELTS reading practice papers.The topic includes question as mentioned below:
- Write the correct letter
- Match with the views of the writer.
- Complete the summary.
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Section 1
Read the Passage to Answer the Following Questions
Keep Taking The Tablets Reading Answers
The history of aspirin is a product of a rollercoaster ride through time, of accidental discoveries, intuitive reasoning and intense corporate rivalry.
- In the opening pages of Aspirin: The Remarkable Story of a Wonder Drug, Diarmuid Jeffreys describes this little white pill as ‘one of the most amazing creations in medical history, a drug so astonishingly versatile that it can relieve headache, ease your aching limbs, lower your temperature and treat some of the deadliest human diseases’.
- Its properties have been known for thousands of years. Ancient Egyptian physicians used extracts from the willow tree as an analgesic, or pain killer. Centuries later the Greek physician Hippocrates recommended the bark of the willow tree as a remedy for the pains of childbirth and as a fever reducer. But it wasn't until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that salicylates, the chemical found in the willow tree, became the subject of serious scientific investigation. The race was on to identify the active ingredient and to replicate it synthetically. At the end of the nineteenth century a German company, Friedrich Bayer & Co. succeeded in creating a relatively safe and very effective chemical compound, acetylsalicylic acid, which was renamed aspirin.
- The late nineteenth century was a fertile period for experimentation, partly because of the hunger among scientists to answer some of the great scientific questions, but also because those questions were within their means to answer. One scientist in a laboratory with some chemicals and a test tube could make significant breakthroughs whereas today, in order to map the human genome for instance, one needs ‘an army of researchers, a bank of computers and millions and millions of dollars’.
- But an understanding of the nature of science and scientific inquiry is not enough on its own to explain how society innovates. In the nineteenth century, scientific advance was closely linked to the industrial revolution. This was a period when people frequently had the means, motive and determination to take an idea and turn it into reality. In the case of aspirin that happened piecemeal - a series of minor, often unrelated advances, fertilized by the century’s broader economic, medical and scientific developments, that led to one big final breakthrough.
- The link between big money and pharmaceutical innovation is also a significant one. Aspirin's continued shelf life was ensured because for the first 70 years of its life, huge amounts of money were put into promoting it as an ordinary everyday analgesic. In the 1970s other analgesics, such as ibuprofen and paracetamol, were entering the market, and the pharmaceutical companies then focused on publicizing these new drugs. But just at the same time, discoveries were made regarding the beneficial role of aspirin in preventing heart attacks, strokes and other afflictions. Had it not been for these findings, this pharmaceutical marvel may well have disappeared.
- So the relationship between big money and drugs is an odd one. Commercial markets are necessary for developing new products and ensuring that they remain around long enough for scientists to carry out research on them. But the commercial markets are just as likely to kill off certain products when something more attractive comes along. In the case of aspirin, a potential ‘wonder drug* was around for over 70 years without anybody investigating the way in which it achieved its effects, because they were making more than enough money out of it as it was. If ibuprofen or paracetamol had entered the market just a decade earlier, aspirin might then not be here today. It would be just another forgotten drug that people hadn't bothered to explore.
- None of the recent discoveries of aspirin's benefits were made by the big pharmaceutical companies; they were made by scientists working in the public sector. 'The reason for that is very simple and straightforward,' Jeffreys says in his book. 'Drug companies will only pursue research that is going to deliver financial benefits. There's no profit in aspirin any more. It is incredibly inexpensive with tiny profit margins and it has no patent any more, so anyone can produce it.' In fact, there's almost a disincentive for drug companies to further boost the drug, he argues, as it could possibly put them out of business by stopping them from selling their more expensive brands.
- So what is the solution to a lack of commercial interest in further exploring the therapeutic benefits of aspirin? More public money going into clinical trials, says Jeffreys. ‘If I were in the Department of Health. I would say “this is a very inexpensive drug. There may be a lot of other things we could do with it." We should put a lot more money into trying to find out.'
- Jeffreys' book which not only tells the tale of a 'wonder drug' but also explores the nature of innovation and the role of big business, public money and regulation reminds us why such research is so important.
Read More IELTS Reading Related Articles
Section 2
Solution and Explanation
Questions 27-32:
Complete each sentence with the correct ending A-H from the box below.
Write the correct letter A-H in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.
- the discovery of new medical applications.
- the negative effects of publicity.
- the large pharmaceutical companies.
- the industrial revolution.
- the medical uses of a particular tree
- the limited availability of new drugs.
- the chemical found in the willow tree.
- commercial advertising campaigns.
- Ancient Egyptian and Greek doctors were aware of
Answer: E- the medical uses of a particular tree
Supporting sentence: Ancient Egyptian physicians used extracts from the willow tree as an analgesic, or pain killer. Centuries later the Greek physician Hippocrates recommended the bark of the willow tree.
Keyword: ancient, extracts
Keyword location: Para B, lines 1-2
Explanation: According to the lines 1-2 of para B, ancient physicians of Egypt used the extracts from willow tree as a painkiller and many years later, the famous Greek physician Hippocrates highlighted the importance of the bark of willow trees.
- Frederick Bayer & Co were able to reproduce
Answer: G- the chemical found in the willow tree.
Supporting sentence: Friedrich Bayer & Co. succeeded in creating a relatively safe and very effective chemical compound, acetylsalicylic acid, which was renamed aspirin.
Keyword: safe, chemical, aspirin
Keyword location: Para B, lines 7-8
Explanation: As mentioned in para B, a German company called Friedrich Bayer & Co. found success in creating a safe and effective chemical compound from the chemical found in willow tree and it was later renamed aspirin.
- The development of aspirin was partly due to the effects of
Answer: D
Supporting sentence: In the case of aspirin that happened piecemeal- a series of minor, often unrelated advances, fertilized by the century's broader economic, medical and scientific developments, that led to one big final breakthrough.
Keyword: aspirin, economic
Keyword location: Para D, lines 4-6
Explanation: The industrial revolution pushed the growth of aspirin as there were several economic, medical and scientific developments happening at that time and those led to the successful development of aspirin.
- The creation of a market for aspirin as a painkiller was achieved through
Answer: H- commercial advertising campaigns.
Supporting sentence: Aspirin's continued shelf life was ensured because for the first 70 years of its life, huge amounts of money were put into promoting it as an ordinary everyday analgesic.
Keyword: huge amounts, money, promoting, ordinary
Keyword location: Para E, lines 1-3
Explanation: As per the para E, commercial markets are very important to create a market for new products and the market for aspirin as a painkiller was also developed by commercial marketing campaigns.
- Aspirin might have become unavailable without
Answer: A- the discovery of new medical applications.
Supporting sentence: But just at the same time, discoveries were made regarding the beneficial role of aspirin in preventing heart attacks, strokes and other afflictions.
Keyword: discoveries, aspirin, heart attacks, strokes, afflictions
Keyword location: Para E, lines 5-6
Explanation: Scientists were focusing on publicizing new drugs such as paracetamol but at the same time, some were examining the role of aspirin in preventing major diseases and due to these findings, the benefits of aspirin were introduced.
- The way in which aspirin actually worked was not investigated by
Answer: C- the large pharmaceutical companies.
Supporting sentence: None of the recent discoveries of aspirin's benefits were made by the big pharmaceutical companies; they were made by scientists working in the public sector.
Keyword: companies, aspirin’s, pharmaceutical companies,
Keyword location: Para G, lines 1-2
Explanation: According to lines 3-5 of para G, the big pharmaceutical companies were more focused on publicizing new products such as ibuprofen and paracetamol and the uses of aspirin was not investigated by these companies.
Questions 33-37:
Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in the Reading Passage?
In boxes 33-37 on your answer sheet write -
YES - if the statement agrees with the views of the writer
NO - if the statement contradicts the views of the writer
NOT GIVEN - if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
Q33. For nineteenth-century scientists, small-scale research was enough to make important discoveries.
Answer: Yes
Supporting sentence: One scientist in a laboratory with some chemicals and a test tube could make significant breakthroughs whereas today, in order to map the human genome for instance, one needs ‘an army of researchers, a bank of computers and millions and millions of dollars’.
Keyword: scientist, laboratory, chemicals, test tube, significant, human genome, researchers,
Keyword location: Para C, lines 4-6
Explanation: In the late nineteenth century, scientists were eager to solve some of the great scientific theories and the reason for this eagerness was that they had the resources within their reach to solve mysteries of these questions.
Q34. The nineteenth-century industrial revolution caused a change in the focus of scientific research.
Answer: Not Given
Supporting sentence: In the nineteenth century, scientific advance was closely linked to the industrial revolution. This was a period when people frequently had the means, motive and determination to take an idea and turn it into reality.
Keyword: nineteenth century, scientific advance, industrial revolution
Keyword location: Para D, lines 2-3
Explanation: No relevant information was found in the passage associated with the given question. Thus, the answer is not given.
Q35. The development of aspirin in the nineteenth century followed a structured pattern of development.
Answer: No
Supporting sentence: In the case aspirin that happened piecemeal- a series of minor, often unrelated advances, fertilized by the century's broader economic, medical and scientific developments, that led to a big final breakthrough.
Keyword: aspirin, series, scientific
Keyword location: Para D, lines 4-6
Explanation: The development of aspirin happened as a systematic pattern of advances, its growth was backed by economic, medical and scientific developments due to which this medicine was finally introduced.
Q36. In the 1970s sales of new analgesic drugs overtook sales of aspirin.
Answer: Not Given
Supporting sentence: In the 1970s other analgesics, such as ibuprofen and paracetamol, were entering the market, and the pharmaceutical companies then focused on publicizing these new drugs.
Keyword: 1970s, analgesics, ibuprofen, paracetamol.
Keyword location: Para E, lines 3-5
Explanation: No relevant information was found in the passage associated with the given question. Thus, the answer is not given.
Q37. Commercial companies may have both good and bad effects on the availability of pharmaceutical products.
Answer: Yes
Supporting sentence: Aspirin, a potential 'wonder drug' was around for over 70 years without anybody investigating the way in which it achieved its effects, because they were making more than enough money out of it as it was.
Keyword: aspirin, investigating
Keyword location: Para F, lines 4-6
Explanation: Commercial companies help in creating a market for new products but at the same time, these companies focus solely on the profit they earn from these products without investigating the other uses of the product.
Questions 38-40:
Complete the summary below using the list of words A-I below.
Write the correct letter A-l in boxes 38-40 on your answer sheet
Research into aspirin
Jeffreys argues that the reason why 38....… did not find out about new uses of aspirin is that aspirin is no longer a 39..… drugs. He, therefore, suggests that there should be 40............... support for further research into the possible applications of the drug.
- useful
- cheap
- state
- international
- major drug companies
- profitable
- commercial
- public sector scientists
- health officials
Q 38. Jeffreys argues that the reason why....... did not find out
Answer: E- Major drug companies
Supporting sentence: The reason for that is very simple and straightforward, Jeffreys says in his book. 'Drug companies will only pursue research that is going to deliver financial benefits. There's no benefit in aspirin any more.
Keyword: simple, profit, companies
Keyword location: Para G, lines 2-4
Explanation: According to Jeffreys, drug companies were not interested in finding out about new uses of aspirin because it was no longer profitable for them.
Q39. about new uses of aspirin is that aspirin is no longer a .....
Answer: F- profitable
Supporting sentence: There's no profit in aspirin any more. It is incredibly inexpensive with tiny profit margins and it has no patent any more, so anyone can produce it.
Keyword: profit, inexpensive, patent
Keyword location: Para 7, lines 4-5
Explanation: As mentioned in lines 4-5 of para 7, aspirin was very inexpensive and it had no patent anymore, so people were free to produce it and that made aspirin no longer profitable.
Q40. He, therefore, suggests that there should be ............... support for further research into the possible applications of the drug.
Answer: C
Supporting sentence: If I were the Department of Health, I would say "this is a very inexpensive drug, There may be a lot of things we could do with it". We should put a lot more money into trying to find out.
Keyword: drug, things, money
Keyword location: Para H, lines 2-4
Explanation: According to para 8, Jeffereys suggested that if aspirin is longer profitable, then the Department of Health should try to investigate more about this drug and try to find out more uses of this inexpensive drug.
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