IELTS Vocabulary For World Of Politics

Vocabulary words are very important for all IELTS sections of communication – listening, reading, speaking and writing. It is, therefore, necessary to develop a strong vocabulary for IELTS.

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The IELTS Vocabulary for World of Politics has been listed below:

CAMPAIGN

Meaning: It refers to planning and conducting different activities over a period of time in order to achieve a political goal.

Sentence 1: The political leaders have already started their campaigns for the upcoming elections.

Sentence 2: Violence should be avoided at all costs during these political campaigns.

Sentence 3: The Home Minister will also be attending the political campaign at Maharashtra on Monday.

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ELECTION

Meaning: It refers to the process by which the population of a democratic country choose their desired candidates for holding different public offices.

Sentence 1: In India, the elections are conducted at the national level after every five years.

Sentence 2: Mr. Singh is planning to stand and compete in the state elections this year.

Sentence 3: The results for the UK elections will be declared on Monday.

DEMOCRACY

Meaning: It refers to a system of government where the population is able to choose their representatives by casting their votes during an election.

Sentence 1: Democracy gives people equal rights to all people to choose their leaders.

Sentence 2: One of the impacts of globalisation is the rapid spread of democracy across the globe.

Sentence 3: The spread of democracy in the world has ultimately made the world a better place by reducing the likelihood of wars among nations.

EXILE

Meaning: It refers to a political group who claims to be the legitimate government of a country but is unable to exercise their powers and is forced to live in a foreign country.

Sentence 1: After about three years of political exile. Mr. Sparks returned as the Education Minister.

Sentence 2: After his self-imposed political exile, Mr. Smith has finally returned to television to promote his autobiography.

Sentence 3: After spending almost 15 years in political exile, Humayun returned to power in 1555 C.E.

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COUNTERPARTS

Meaning: It refers to a person or thing that enjoys a similar role or position at a different place.

Sentence 1: The President is planning to meet his Brazilian counterpart in order to discuss their war against drugs.

Sentence 2: The Foreign Secretary telephoned his American counterpart to curb the increasing protests.

Sentence 3: The British politicians were left stunned at the actions of their American counterparts.

DEFICIT

Meaning: It refers to a situation where the Government tends to spend more money than it actually receives.

Sentence 1: Currently, the Brazilian Government is facing a balance of payment deficit of around 150 million dollars.

Sentence 2: Over the past year, the Indian Government has done a good job in reducing the trade and balance of payment deficit of the country.

Sentence 3: The UK Government is facing a trade deficit due to a reduction in the export of finished products during the pandemic.

TRANSPARENCY

Meaning: It refers to the capacity of the citizens of a country to know about certain information held by the Government.

Sentence 1: It is the right of every individual of the nation to demand more transparency from the Government.

Sentence 2: The Government is trying to ensure transparency while formulating the national policies.

Sentence 3: Transparency is necessary in every nation as it helps to drastically reduce any form of corruption.

DEFAULT

Meaning: It refers to the failure of a country or government at doing something that they have legally agreed to.

Sentence 1: The African government defaulted on its loan of nearly 40 million dollars.

Sentence 2: In order to prevent the recurrence of such defaults, the government introduced legislations that would limit the total debt that they could incur.

Sentence 3: It becomes difficult to get loans if the country has a reputation of defaulting payments.

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NEGOTIATION

Meaning: It refers to a formal dialogue between people that is intended at resolving conflicts and reaching a mutual agreement.

Sentence 1: Despite years of negotiation, there is tension brewing between India and Pakistan.

Sentence 2: The two political parties decided to resolve their conflicts through formal negotiations.

Sentence 3: Upon the insistence of the Japanese government, the negotiations between America and Japan regarding his fate was conducted under top secrecy.

AUSTERITY

Meaning: It refers to restrictions introduced by the government in order to curb public expenditure.

Sentence 1: With the introduction of government austerity, the families have decided to reduce their expenditure.

Sentence 2: The people had to face several years of austerity after the war was over.

Sentence 3: The people protested against the new austerity measures introduced by the government.

ELECTORAL MANDATE

Meaning: It refers to the election of a candidate who has stood in the elections and thereby, has the authority to act in a certain manner on behalf of his electorate.

Sentence 1: In the present world, it has been necessary to have a strong government with an electoral mandate.

Sentence 2: The new political leaders have not selected any electoral mandate yet.

Sentence 3: These measures are necessary in order to emphasise the critical areas of the electoral mandate.

TAX AVOIDANCE

Meaning: It refers to the legal measures taken in order to reduce tax accountability.

Sentence 1: Usually, the self-employed people have more scope of tax avoidance than salary earners.

Sentence 2: The Government passed several policies that are particularly and to address the problem of tax avoidance.

Sentence 3: The new finance bill aims at modernising taxes in order to keep pace with the modern world as well as to tackle the problems of tax avoidance and fraud.

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BORROWING COSTS

Meaning: It refers to the amount borrowed by the government in order to meet its expenditure on various public services and benefits.

Sentence 1: During the pandemic, an increase in the borrowing costs by the Government of France has been observed.

Sentence 2: The borrowing costs by the Government of pain increased from 2.9 million dollars to 3.8 million dollars over the past month.

Sentence 3: The Union Budget will reveal the government borrowing costs for the next financial year.

STRUCTURAL PROBLEMS

Meaning: It refers to problems that might result in the inefficient functioning of the economy of the nation.

Sentence 1: The inefficiency of the government to prevent corruption has led to major structural problems in the nation.

Sentence 2: The failure of the Government to introduce transportation facilities across the country has resulted in some severe structural problems in conducting trade.

Sentence 3: The lack of employment opportunities for youngsters has become a structural problem of every nation.

ECONOMIC SYSTEM

Meaning: It refers to the means by which governments distribute the available resources, services and goods in the different parts of the nation.

Sentence 1: The economic system of the nation has become completely inefficient and inflexible.

Sentence 2: The economic system of a nation has a huge impact on the political system of the country.

Sentence 3: Russia was one of the first countries to introduce a new economic system known as Marxism.

TOO BIG TO FAIL

Meaning: It refers to huge financial organisations or businesses that are so important for the economy of a country that the government has to take measures to prevent its bankruptcy.

Sentence 1: Japan is known for giving bailouts to several bankrupt companies, simply on the argument that such companies are too big to fail.

Sentence 2: In America, banks like Bank of America, Citigroup, JPMorgan Chase and Wells Fargo are considered too big to fail.

Sentence 3: The Indian Government simply sanctioned another loan to the company since it is considered too big to fail.